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Global Health: Science and Practice

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Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health

  • Health Topics /
  • Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health
  • Open Access
    Postabortion Care: 20 Years of Strong Evidence on Emergency Treatment, Family Planning, and Other Programming Components
    Douglas Huber, Carolyn Curtis, Laili Irani, Sara Pappa and Lauren Arrington
    Global Health: Science and Practice September 2016, 4(3):481-494; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00052

    Twenty years of postabortion care (PAC) studies yield strong evidence that:

    • Misoprostol and vacuum aspiration are comparable in safety and effectiveness for treating incomplete abortion.

    • Misoprostol, which can be provided by trained nurses and midwives, shows substantial promise for extending PAC services to secondary hospitals and primary health posts.

    • Postabortion family planning uptake generally increases rapidly-and unintended pregnancies and repeat abortions can decline as a result-when a range of free contraceptives, including long-acting methods, are offered at the point of treatment; male involvement in counseling-always with the woman’s concurrence-can increase family planning uptake and support.

  • Open Access
    Editors’ Response to Omotayo: Research Needed on Better Prevention of Pre-Eclampsia
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2016, 4(2):352-353; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00136
  • Open Access
    Factors Associated With Community Health Worker Performance Differ by Task in a Multi-Tasked Setting in Rural Zimbabwe
    Rukundo A Kambarami, Mduduzi NN Mbuya, David Pelletier, Dadirai Fundira, Naume V Tavengwa and Rebecca J Stoltzfus
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2016, 4(2):238-250; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00003

    Programs should consider specific tasks and how they relate to health worker factors, community support, and the work context. In a setting where community health workers were responsible for multiple tasks, those who referred more pregnant women were female, unmarried, under 40 years old, and from larger households, and they felt they had adequate work resources and positive feedback from supervisors and the community. In contrast, workers with high scores on delivering household behavior change lessons were from smaller households and received more supportive supervision.

  • Open Access
    Improved Childhood Diarrhea Treatment Practices in Ghana: A Pre-Post Evaluation of a Comprehensive Private-Sector Program
    Marianne El-Khoury, Kathryn Banke and Phoebe Sloane
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2016, 4(2):264-275; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00021

    From 2011 to 2015, a diarrhea management program in Ghana targeting pharmaceutical suppliers, private-sector providers, and caregivers successfully increased caregiver use of oral rehydration salts (ORS) with zinc to treat diarrhea in children under 5, from 0.8% to 29.2%, and reduced antibiotic use (which is generally inappropriate for treatment of non-bloody diarrhea) from 66.2% to 38.2%.

  • Open Access
    Perinatal Mortality Due to Pre-Eclampsia in Africa: A Comprehensive and Integrated Approach Is Needed
    Moshood Omotayo, Katherine Dickin and Rebecca Stolzfus
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2016, 4(2):350-351; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00054
  • Open Access
    Birthing Centers Staffed by Skilled Birth Attendants: Can They Be Effective … at Scale?
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):1-3; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00063

    Peripheral-level birthing centers may be appropriate and effective in some circumstances if crucial systems requirements can be met. But promising models don’t necessarily scale well, so policy makers and program managers need to consider what requirements can and cannot be met feasibly at scale. Apparently successful components of the birthing center model, such as engagement of traditional birth attendants and use of frontline staff who speak the local language, appear conducive to use in other similar settings.

  • Open Access
    Casas Maternas in the Rural Highlands of Guatemala: A Mixed-Methods Case Study of the Introduction and Utilization of Birthing Facilities by an Indigenous Population
    Ira Stollak, Mario Valdez, Karin Rivas and Henry Perry
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):114-131; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00266

    In an isolated mountainous area of Guatemala with high maternal mortality, an NGO-sponsored approach engaged communities to operate local, culturally appropriate birthing facilities and is achieving high and equitable utilization. Likely success factors:

    • Community engagement and ownership

    • Close location of facilities

    • Perceived high quality of services

    • Engagement of traditional birth attendants in the birthing process and as advocates for facility use

  • Open Access
    A Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of Concept
    Sharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D Blumenthal
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355

    Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.

  • Open Access
    Role of Social Support in Improving Infant Feeding Practices in Western Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental Study
    Altrena G Mukuria, Stephanie L Martin, Thaddeus Egondi, Allison Bingham and Faith M Thuita
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):55-72; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00197

    Fathers and grandmothers who participated in separate nutrition dialogue groups supported mothers to improve infant feeding practices including dietary diversity, food consistency, and use of animal-source foods. Future studies should explore using a family-centered approach that engages mothers together with key household influencers.

  • Open Access
    Meeting Postpartum Women’s Family Planning Needs Through Integrated Family Planning and Immunization Services: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in Rwanda
    Lisa S Dulli, Marga Eichleay, Kate Rademacher, Steve Sortijas and Théophile Nsengiyumva
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):73-86; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00291

    Integrating contraceptive services into infant immunization services was effective, acceptable, and feasible without negatively affecting immunization uptake. Yet unmet need for contraception remained high, including among a substantial number of women who were waiting for menses to return even though, at 6 months or more postpartum, they were at risk of an unintended pregnancy. More effort is needed to educate women about postpartum return to fertility and to encourage those desiring to space or limit pregnancy to use effective contraception.

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  • Cross-Cutting Topics
    • Behavior Change Communication (9)
    • Digital Health (29)
    • Health Systems (54)
    • Health Workers (34)
    • Service Integration (6)
  • Health Topics
    • Family Planning and Reproductive Health (153)
    • HIV/AIDS (31)
    • Immunization (13)
    • Malaria (13)
    • Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (92)
    • Nutrition (12)
    • Postabortion Care (16)
    • TB and Other Communicable Diseases (23)
US AIDJohns Hopkins Center for Communication ProgramsUniversity of Alberta

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