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Global Health: Science and Practice

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Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health

  • Health Topics /
  • Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health
  • Open Access
    Effect on Neonatal Mortality of Newborn Infection Management at Health Posts When Referral Is Not Possible: A Cluster-Randomized Trial in Rural Ethiopia
    Tedbabe Degefie Hailegebriel, Brian Mulligan, Simon Cousens, Bereket Mathewos, Steve Wall, Abeba Bekele, Jeanne Russell, Deborah Sitrin, Biruk Tensou, Joy Lawn, Joseph de Graft Johnson, Hailemariam Legesse, Sirak Hailu, Assaye Nigussie, Bogale Worku and Abdullah Baqui
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2017, 5(2):202-216; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00312

    Health Extension Workers (HEWs), in general, properly provided antibiotic treatment of possible severe bacterial infections in newborns at the health post level. But only about half of newborns estimated to have infections in the intervention area received treatment by HEWs, and home visits and referrals declined in the final months of the study. Cluster-level analysis suggests a mortality reduction consistent with this level of treatment coverage, although the finding did not reach statistical significance.

  • Open Access
    Limited Service Availability, Readiness, and Use of Facility-Based Delivery Care in Haiti: A Study Linking Health Facility Data and Population Data
    Wenjuan Wang, Michelle Winner and Clara R Burgert-Brucker
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2017, 5(2):244-260; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00311

    Proximity to a health facility offering delivery services and readiness of the facilities to provide such services were poor in both rural and urban areas outside of Port-au-Prince. Availability of a proximate facility was significantly associated with women in rural and urban areas delivering at a facility, as was the quality of delivery care available at the facilities but only in urban areas.

  • Open Access
    Challenges of Implementing Antenatal Ultrasound Screening in a Rural Study Site: A Case Study From the Democratic Republic of the Congo
    David Swanson, Adrien Lokangaka, Melissa Bauserman, Jonathan Swanson, Robert O Nathan, Antoinette Tshefu, Elizabeth M McClure, Carl L Bose, Ana Garces, Sarah Saleem, Elwyn Chomba, Fabian Esamai and Robert L Goldenberg
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2017, 5(2):315-324; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00191

    In the context of a well-resourced research project on obstetric ultrasound, we encountered major challenges, including security and maintenance of the equipment, electricity requirements, health systems integration, and a variety of other systems issues. We propose future ultrasound interventions have at minimum a functioning health system with skilled and motivated staff, access to a referral hospital capable of providing affordable and higher levels of care, and feasible transportation means.

  • Open Access
    Preventing Peer Violence Against Children: Methods and Baseline Data of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Pakistan
    Judith McFarlane, Rozina Karmaliani, Hussain Maqbool Ahmed Khuwaja, Saleema Gulzar, Rozina Somani, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Yasmeen H Somani, Shireen Shehzad Bhamani, Ryan D Krone, Rene M Paulson, Atta Muhammad and Rachel Jewkes
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2017, 5(1):115-137; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00215

    Peer violence was remarkably high at baseline. Among urban public school students, 94% of 6th-grade boys and 85% of girls reported being victimized by peers in the last 4 weeks. And 85% of boys and 66% of girls reported perpetrating such violence. Boys scored worse on a number of mental health measures. A cluster RCT is underway to evaluate a well-established school-based intervention using sports and games to reduce peer violence.

  • Open Access
    Possible Reasons for Limited Effectiveness of a Skills and Drills Intervention to Improve Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care
    Helen A Allott, Helen Smith, Terry Kana, Mselenge Mdegela, Sarah Bar-Zeev and Charles Ameh
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2017, 5(1):175-176; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-17-00055
  • Open Access
    Limits of “Skills And Drills” Interventions to Improving Obstetric and Newborn Emergency Response: What More Do We Need to Learn?
    Jim Ricca
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2016, 4(4):518-521; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00372

    A “skills and drills” intervention in 4 hospitals in Karnataka, India, produced modest improvement in provider knowledge and skills but not in actual response to obstetric and newborn emergencies. We explore possible explanations, which include (1) the need for a more intensive intervention; (2) other weaknesses in the health system; and (3) behavioral or organizational barriers related to hierarchical structures, roles, and team formation.

  • Open Access
    Limited Effectiveness of a Skills and Drills Intervention to Improve Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care in Karnataka, India: A Proof-of-Concept Study
    Beena Varghese, Jayanna Krishnamurthy, Blaze Correia, Ruchika Panigrahi, Maryann Washington, Vinotha Ponnuswamy and Prem Mony
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2016, 4(4):582-593; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00143

    Skills refresher training combined with emergency drills improved knowledge, skills, and confidence of providers but was not sufficient to improve diagnosis and management of maternal and newborn complications. Systems-level changes, including consistent availability of equipment and supplies, adequate human resource staffing, and supportive supervision, are likely needed to improve maternal and newborn outcomes.

  • Open Access
    Mobile-Based Nutrition and Child Health Monitoring to Inform Program Development: An Experience From Liberia
    Agnes Guyon, Ariella Bock, Laura Buback and Barbara Knittel
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2016, 4(4):661-670; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00189

    Monitoring behavior using mobile phones at food distribution points allowed managers to rapidly adapt project activities. Self-reported breastfeeding, complementary feeding, and use of insecticide-treated nets improved. Applying the same methodology at the household level proved unsuccessful.

  • Open Access
    Web-Based Quality Assurance Process Drives Improvements in Obstetric Ultrasound in 5 Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Jonathan O Swanson, David Plotner, Holly L Franklin, David L Swanson, Victor Lokomba Bolamba, Adrien Lokangaka, Irma Sayury Pineda, Lester Figueroa, Ana Garces, David Muyodi, Fabian Esamai, Nancy Kanaiza, Waseem Mirza, Farnaz Naqvi, Sarah Saleem, Musaku Mwenechanya, Melody Chiwila, Dorothy Hamsumonde, Elizabeth M McClure, Robert L Goldenberg and Robert O Nathan
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2016, 4(4):675-683; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00156

    Newly trained sonographers improved performance through a quality assurance process that merged (1) evaluation by remote experts of images uploaded to a website, with (2) periodic in-person skill tests. To promote sustainability, in-country supervisors gradually assumed more responsibility for image evaluation. The user-friendly and efficient interface used simple menus and forms, customized based on the user's role.

  • Open Access
    Scheduled Follow-Up Referrals and Simple Prevention Kits Including Counseling to Improve Post-Discharge Outcomes Among Children in Uganda: A Proof-of-Concept Study
    Matthew O Wiens, Elias Kumbakumba, Charles P Larson, Peter P Moschovis, Celestine Barigye, Jerome Kabakyenga, Andrew Ndamira, Lacey English, Niranjan Kissoon, Guohai Zhou and J Mark Ansermino
    Global Health: Science and Practice September 2016, 4(3):422-434; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00069

    Post-hospital discharge is a vulnerable time for recurrent illness and death among children. An intervention package consisting of (1) referrals for scheduled follow-up visits, (2) discharge counseling, and (3) simple prevention items such as soap and oral rehydration salts resulted in much higher health seeking and hospital readmissions compared with historical controls.

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  • Cross-Cutting Topics
    • Behavior Change Communication (9)
    • Digital Health (29)
    • Health Systems (54)
    • Health Workers (34)
    • Service Integration (6)
  • Health Topics
    • Family Planning and Reproductive Health (153)
    • HIV/AIDS (31)
    • Immunization (13)
    • Malaria (13)
    • Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (92)
    • Nutrition (12)
    • Postabortion Care (16)
    • TB and Other Communicable Diseases (23)
US AIDJohns Hopkins Center for Communication ProgramsUniversity of Alberta

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