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Global Health: Science and Practice
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Global Health: Science and Practice

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Digital Health

  • Open Access
    What Does It Take to Be an Effective National Steward of Digital Health Integration for Health Systems Strengthening in Low- and Middle-Income Countries?
    Michael J. Frost, Jacqueline B. Tran, Fatema Khatun, Ingrid K. Friberg and Daniela C. Rodríguez
    Global Health: Science and Practice October 2018, 6(Supplement 1):S18-S28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00270

    A purposeful literature review of peer-reviewed and gray literature identified 4 broad thematic areas of digital health stewardship—strategic direction, policies and procedures, roles and responsibilities, and health service delivery—that need further research and development in order for digital health to be better positioned to positively impact low- and middle-income country health systems.

  • Open Access
    The Role of Digital Strategies in Financing Health Care for Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Bruno Meessen
    Global Health: Science and Practice October 2018, 6(Supplement 1):S29-S40; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00271

    The development and adoption of effective digital health financing solutions that fit well in both coherent digital health information architectures and the universal health coverage agenda will require strong partnerships between entrepreneurs, developers, implementers, policy makers, and funders.

  • Open Access
    Digital Technologies for Health Workforce Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review
    Lesley-Anne Long, George Pariyo and Karin Kallander
    Global Health: Science and Practice October 2018, 6(Supplement 1):S41-S48; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00167

    Digital health interventions have the potential to improve the health workforce by supporting training, supervision, and communication. More evidence is needed on the effectiveness of interventions implemented at scale, including the return on investment, the effect of government and donor policies on scale up, and the role of the private sector.

  • Open Access
    The State of Digital Interventions for Demand Generation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Considerations, Emerging Approaches, and Research Gaps
    Dustin G. Gibson, Tigest Tamrat and Garrett Mehl
    Global Health: Science and Practice October 2018, 6(Supplement 1):S49-S60; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00165

    Despite advances in digital technology to generate demand for health services, considerable gaps remain in our understanding of which interventions are effective, which characteristics mediate their benefit for different target populations and health domains, and what is necessary to ensure effective deployment. Future research should examine the long-term effects of, equity in access to, and cost-effectiveness and efficiency of digital demand generation interventions.

  • Open Access
    Establishing Standards to Evaluate the Impact of Integrating Digital Health into Health Systems
    Alain Labrique, Lavanya Vasudevan, William Weiss and Kate Wilson
    Global Health: Science and Practice October 2018, 6(Supplement 1):S5-S17; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00230

    The key milestones in the rise of digital health illustrate efforts to bridge gaps in the evidence base, a shifting focus to scale-up and sustainability, growing attention to the precise costing of these strategies, and an emergent implementation science agenda that better characterizes the ecosystem—the social, political, economic, legal, and ethical context that supports digital health implementation—necessary to take digital health approaches to scale.

  • Open Access
    Strengthening Delivery of Health Services Using Digital Devices
    Maeghan Orton, Smisha Agarwal, Pierre Muhoza, Lavanya Vasudevan and Alexander Vu
    Global Health: Science and Practice October 2018, 6(Supplement 1):S61-S71; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00229

    Delivery of high-quality efficient health services is a cornerstone of the global agenda to achieve universal health coverage. Digital health interventions for service delivery, such as digital health-enhanced referral coordination and mobile clinical decision support systems, demonstrate considerable potential to improve the quality and comprehensiveness of care received by patients but require greater standardization and engagement of health workers at different levels of the health system for effective scale up.

  • Open Access
    Effectiveness of SMS Technology on Timely Community Health Worker Follow-Up for Childhood Malnutrition: A Retrospective Cohort Study in sub-Saharan Africa
    Shohinee Sarma, Bennett Nemser, Heather Cole-Lewis, Nadi Kaonga, Joel Negin, Patricia Namakula, Seth Ohemeng-Dapaah and Andrew S. Kanter
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2018, 6(2):345-355; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00290

    In Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal, and Uganda, we found positive association between community health workers (CHWs) using SMS data entry with reminder alerts and timely follow-up for childhood malnutrition screening visits compared with paper forms. This association was strongest when CHWs used SMS data entry consecutively over multiple visits than when they switched between SMS and paper forms.

  • Open Access
    A Mobile-Based Community Health Management Information System for Community Health Workers and Their Supervisors in 2 Districts of Zambia
    Godfrey Biemba, Boniface Chiluba, Kojo Yeboah-Antwi, Vichaels Silavwe, Karsten Lunze, Rodgers K Mwale, Scott Russpatrick and Davidson H Hamer
    Global Health: Science and Practice September 2017, 5(3):486-494; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00275

    Using simple-feature mobile phones, CHWs sent weekly reports on disease caseloads and commodities consumed, ordered drugs and supplies, and sent pre-referral notices to health centers. Supervisors provided feedback to CHWs on referred patient outcomes and received monthly SMS reminders to set up mentoring sessions with the CHWs. Scale-up limitations include: (1) staff shortages at health centers to supervise the CHWs, (2) need for ongoing technical support to troubleshoot challenges with mobile phones and software, and (3) recurring costs for data bundles.

  • Open Access
    Benefits and Limitations of Text Messages to Stimulate Higher Learning Among Community Providers: Participants' Views of an mHealth Intervention to Support Continuing Medical Education in Vietnam
    Lora L Sabin, Anna Larson Williams, Bao Ngoc Le, Augusta R Herman, Ha Viet Nguyen, Rebecca R Albanese, Wenjun Xiong, Hezekiah OA Shobiye, Nafisa Halim, Lien Thi Ngoc Tran, Marion McNabb, Hai Hoang, Ariel Falconer, Tam Thi Thanh Nguyen and Christopher J Gill
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2017, 5(2):261-273; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00348

    The original intention was to deliver technical content through brief text messages to stimulate participants to undertake deeper learning. While participants appreciated the convenience and relevance of the text messages, their scores of higher-order knowledge did not improve. The intervention may not have been successful because the messages lacked depth and interactivity, and participants were not explicitly encouraged to seek deeper learning.

  • Open Access
    mJustice: Preliminary Development of a Mobile App for Medical-Forensic Documentation of Sexual Violence in Low-Resource Environments and Conflict Zones
    Ranit Mishori, Michael Anastario, Karen Naimer, Sucharita Varanasi, Hope Ferdowsian, Dori Abel and Kevin Chugh
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2017, 5(1):138-151; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00233

    The MediCapt mobile app has promise for clinicians to capture medical and forensic evidence of sexual violence and securely transmit the data to legal authorities for potential use in prosecution. We believe this application broadens the traditional scope of mHealth to collecting evidence, and thus name it mJustice.

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