| Risk Category | ARV Supply Chain Risks | Risk Mitigation Strategies |
| Supply | • Production delays | • Multiple-source procurement |
| • Shipping delays | • Pooled procurement | |
| • Use of RDCs | ||
| • Flexible product specification | ||
| Demand | • Expanding treatment programs | • Frequent update and review of supply plans |
| • Inaccurate and/or delayed demand forecasting and supply planning | • Regional aggregation of country forecasts and supply plans for pooled procurement | |
| • Burdensome procurement procedures | • Restocking RDCs based on analysis of likely demand (as opposed to firm orders) | |
| Cost | • High per-unit product costs | • Pooled procurement based on aggregate demand plans |
| • High shipping costs | • Freight consolidation and ocean shipping |
Abbreviations: ARV, antiretroviral; RDC, regional distribution center; SCMS, Supply Chain Management System.