TABLE.

Key Health-Related Indicators in Ethiopia and Ghana

Key Indicators, YearaEthiopiaGhana
Population (millions), 201924112.130.4
Life expectancy at birth, total (years), 20192466.664.1
World Bank income group category, 202124Low-incomeLower-middle income
GDP per capita (current US$), 201924855.82,202.1
Research and development expenditure as percentage (%) of GDP; 2017, 2010, respectively240.270.38
Current health expenditure as percentage (%) of GDP, 2018243.33.54
Current health expenditure per capita (US$), 20182424.277.9
Domestic general government health expenditure as percentage (%) of general government expenditure, 2018244.86.4
Domestic general government health expenditure per capita (US$), 2018245.730.3
Out-of-pocket expenditure as percentage (%) of current health
expenditure, 201824
35.937.7
UHC index of service coverage, 2017253947
Proportion of population with large household health expenditures (SDG 3.8.2; 10% threshold); 2015, 2012, respectively254.91.11
Proportion of population with large household health expenditures (SDG 3.8.2; 25% threshold); 2015, 2012, respectively252.00.09
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal, and nutritional conditions (% of total), 2019254545
Death by noncommunicable diseases (% of total), 2019244345
Top 5 leading causes of death, 2019261. Neonatal disorders
2. Diarrheal diseases
3. Lower respiratory infection
4. Tuberculosis
5. Stroke
1. Malaria
2. Neonatal disorders
3. Stroke
4. HIV/AIDS
5. Lower respiratory infection
Top 5 risk factors that drive the most death and disability combined, 2019261. Malnutrition
2. Air pollution
3. Water, sanitation, and hygiene
4. Unsafe sex
5. High blood pressure
1. Malnutrition
2. Air pollution
3. Unsafe sex
4. High blood pressure
5. High body-mass index
  • Abbreviations: GDP, gross domestic product; SGD, Sustainable Development Goal; UHC, universal health coverage.

  • a Year of most recent data available.