Characteristics of People With TB Notified by Public Health Facilities of 16 Districts in Karnataka, India, October 15 to November 30, 2020, Stratified by High Risk of Severe Illness Statusa
| Baseline Characteristicsb | High Risk of Severe Illness at Baseline (Exposure) | Unadjusted P Value for Association Withc | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total, No. (%) (N=3,010)b | Exposure, No. (%) (n=537) | No Exposure, No. (%) (n=992) | Unknown, No. (%) (n=1,481) | Exposure | Outcomed | |
| Demographic | ||||||
| Age, years | ||||||
| 15–24 | 475 (15.8) | 79 (14.7) | 155 (15.6) | 241(16.3) | .88 | <.01 |
| 25–34 | 609 (20.2) | 112 (20.9) | 192 (19.4) | 305 (20.6) | ||
| 35–44 | 617 (20.5) | 112 (20.9) | 209 (21.1) | 296 (20.0) | ||
| 45–54 | 573 (19.0) | 93 (17.3) | 197 (19.9) | 283 (19.1) | ||
| 55–64 | 413 (13.7) | 74 (13.8) | 132 (13.3) | 207 (14.0) | ||
| ≥65 | 323 (10.7) | 67 (12.5) | 107 (10.8) | 149 (10.1) | ||
| Means (SD) | 41.8 (15.8) | 42.3 (16.6) | 42.0 (15.4) | 41.6 (15.8) | .17 | <.01 |
| Gender | ||||||
| Men | 2,033 (67.5) | 364 (67.8) | 679 (68.4) | 990 (66.8) | .70 | <.01 |
| Women | 977 (32.5) | 173 (32.2) | 313 (31.6) | 491 (33.2) | ||
| District | <.01 | .33 | ||||
| Clinical | ||||||
| Test used for diagnosis | ||||||
| Rapid molecular | 1,623 (53.9) | 291 (54.2) | 496 (50.0) | 836 (56.4) | <.01 | .49 |
| Microscopy/culture | 564 (18.7) | 99 (18.4) | 195 (19.7) | 270 (18.2) | ||
| Chest radiograph | 272 (9.0) | 65 (12.1) | 103 (10.4) | 104 (7.0) | ||
| Otherse | 551 (18.3) | 82 (15.3) | 198 (20.0) | 271 (18.3) | ||
| Bacteriological confirmation (yes) | 2,275 (75.6) | 418 (77.8) | 715 (72.1) | 1,142 (77.1) | .01 | .92 |
| Site | ||||||
| Pulmonary | 2,185 (72.6) | 446 (83.1) | 763 (76.9) | 976 (65.9) | <.01 | <.01 |
| Extra-pulmonary | 667 (22.2) | 90 (16.8) | 228 (23.0) | 349 (23.6) | ||
| Missing | 158 (5.2) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 156 (10.5) | ||
| Previous treatment (yes) | 473 (15.7) | 111 (20.7) | 137 (13.8) | 225 (15.2) | <.01 | .38 |
| HIV | ||||||
| Positive | 225 (7.5) | 37 (6.9) | 72 (7.3) | 116 (7.8) | <.01 | <.01 |
| Negative | 2,526 (83.9) | 483 (89.9) | 874 (88.1) | 1,169 (78.9) | ||
| Unknown | 259 (8.6) | 17 (3.2) | 46 (4.6) | 196 (13.2) | ||
| DM | ||||||
| Yes | 505 (16.8) | 83 (15.5) | 191 (19.3) | 231 (15.6) | <.01 | <.01 |
| No | 2,084 (69.2) | 413 (76.9) | 724 (73.0) | 947 (63.9) | ||
| Unknown | 421 (14.0) | 41 (7.6) | 77 (7.8) | 303 (20.5) | ||
| Health system related | ||||||
| Bank details available (yes) | 2,352 (78.1) | 443 (82.5) | 837 (84.4) | 1,072 (72.4) | <.01 | <.01 |
| Peripheral health institute–notification facility | ||||||
| District/teaching | 1,937 (66.6) | 274 (54.9) | 572 (59.3) | 1,091 (75.4) | <.01 | .46 |
| Subdistrict level | 767 (26.4) | 192 (38.5) | 325 (33.7) | 250 (17.3) | ||
| Primary level | 206 (7.1) | 33 (6.6) | 67 (7.0) | 106 (7.3) | ||
| Time interval between diagnosis and starting treatment | ||||||
| Within 1 day | 1,758 (58.4) | 313 (58.3) | 582 (58.7) | 863 (58.3) | .02 | <.01 |
| 2–6 days | 997 (33.1) | 191 (35.6) | 337 (34.0) | 469 (31.7) | ||
| 7 days and longer | 255 (8.5) | 33 (6.1) | 73 (7.3) | 149 (10.1) | ||
| Median (IQR) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | .67 | <.01 |
Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.
↵a Age ≥15 years, all forms, without known drug-resistant disease at diagnosis.
↵b Source is the routinely collected baseline data in NIKSHAY updated as on December 15, 2020.
↵c Chi square test for categorical variable, ANOVA for age (continuous data), Krushkal Wallis for time interval (continuous data).
↵d Early death (within 2 months).
↵e Includes instances where test of diagnosis was missing.