Population, Births, and Health System, Kigoma Region, 2013, 2016, and 2018
| 2013 | 2016 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population and births | |||
| Total population | 2,179,000 | 2,339,684 | 2,453,336 |
| Population in rural areas, % | 82.8 | 83.6 | 84.1 |
| Women of reproductive age (15–49 years) | 485,803 | 526,441 | 572,463 |
| Expected annual number of live births | 87,450 | 91,014 | 100,287 |
| Health workforce | |||
| Number of health workers providing skilled care at birtha | 989 | 1,544 | 1,621 |
| Density of health workers providing skilled care at birtha (per 10,000 population) | 4.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 |
| Health care facility types | |||
| Regional hospitals | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| District hospitals | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Other hospitals (all private) | 2 | 3 | 3 |
| Health centers with surgical care | 8 | 12 | 16 |
| Health centers without surgical care | 15 | 13 | 11 |
| Dispensaries providing maternity careb | 99 | 143 | 164 |
| Heath facility ownership | |||
| Government | 119 | 161 | 184 |
| Private/faith-based | 8 | 13 | 13 |
| Health facilities supported by the program | |||
| Governmental hospitals | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Health centers supported (groups 1 and 2) | 6 | 12 | 13 |
| Dispensaries receiving predominantly EmONC supportb | 0 | 17 | 18 |
| Dispensaries receiving predominantly family planning supportb | 0 | 49 | 49 |
| Health facilities providing EmONCc,d | |||
| Basic EmONC | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Basic EmONC w/o AVD (BEmONC-1) | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| Comprehensive EmONC | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Comprehensive EmONC w/o AVD (CEmONC-1) | 1 | 1 | 7 |
Abbreviations: AVD, assisted vaginal delivery; EmONC, emergency obstetric and neonatal care.
↵a Includes obstetrician/gynecologists, surgeons, medical doctors, assistant medical officers, clinical officers/assistants, nurse-midwives, advanced practice nurses, and nurse assistants/medical attendants.
↵b All program-supported dispensaries were upgraded for essential maternal and newborn care and family planning services; 18 dispensaries received additional support, mentorship, and supported supervision for basic EmONC; 49 dispensaries received additional support, mentorship, and supervision for family planning activities, including outreach activities.
↵c EmONC includes a set of evidence-based lifesaving interventions or “signal functions” that the World Health Organization recommends for reducing maternal and neonatal mortality.44 Basic EmONC interventions include administration of parenteral antibiotics, uterotonics, or anticonvulsants; manual removal of placenta; removal of retained products; assisted vaginal delivery; and basic neonatal resuscitation. Comprehensive EmONC interventions include 2 additional services: ability to perform obstetric surgery (e.g., cesarean delivery) and blood transfusion. Facilities were classified based on whether they had, within the previous 3 months, performed each of these interventions. Because assisted vaginal delivery—using either forceps or vacuum extractor—is relatively uncommon in Tanzania, some facilities were classified as fully providing EmONC care even if they did not perform assisted vaginal deliveries within the past 3 months.
↵d A minimum of 25 EmONC facilities including at least 5 fully functional CEmONC facilities are recommended for the 2018 population size of Kigoma.45,46