TABLE 1.

Description of Maternal and Child Health Interventions Implemented With Self-Help Groups in 2 States in India

Intervention	Coverage	Intervention Description, As Planned	# Meetings Observed	Survey Respondents
Parivartan^{^a} pilot (2013–2014) to improve RMNCH behaviors¹⁷	Bihar, 8 Districts, 55 blocks	Groups formed to focus on health and nutrition along with savings and credit Structured health modules Weekly health discussion	Meeting observations not reported	Women SHG members with child aged 0–11 months
Parivartan pilot (2013–2016) to improve RMNCH behaviors³²	Bihar, 11 districts, 64 blocks	Same interventions as above, with SHGs formed by the government to focus on savings, credit, and livelihoods, expanded into a larger geography with health and nutrition discussions held monthly	Meeting observations not reported	Women SHG members with child aged 0–11 months
JEEViKA multisectoral nutrition pilot (2016–2018) to improve anthropometry and dietary diversity³³	Bihar, 1 district, 3 blocks	Maternal and child nutrition discussions in bi-monthly meetings Home visits, peer, and community meetings	30	Women from SHG households^{^b} with child aged 6–23 months
JEEViKA-JTSP nutrition pilot^{^c} (2017–2018) to improve nutrition behaviors (unpublished)	Bihar, 1 district, 4 blocks	Nutrition discussion in at least 1 of the 4 weekly meetings in a month Home visits and community events	60	Women from SHG households with child aged 6–23 months
JEEViKA Mobile Vaani pilot,^{^d} JTSP (2017–2018) to improve RMNCH knowledge (unpublished)	Bihar, 1 district, 6 blocks	Interactive voice response based platform Information on nutrition, family planning, diarrhea, and entitlements in at least 1 monthly meeting Home visits and community events	172	Women from SHG households with child aged 0–23 months
UPCMP (2014) to improve RMNCH behaviors³⁴	Uttar Pradesh, 1 district, 1 block,	Discussion on home-based newborn care and maternal health in 1 or 2 SHG meetings in a month	49	Women from SHG households
UPCMP (2015–2017) to improve RMNCH behaviours³⁵	Uttar Pradesh, 37 districts, 120 blocks	Health discussion in at least 1 monthly meeting Home visits, community events	108	Women from SHG households with child aged 0–11 months
UPCMP (2015–2019) to improve RMNCH behaviors (unpublished)	Uttar Pradesh, 41 districts, 203 blocks	Same intervention as above, expanded to larger geography with more focus on household level discussion and community events (campaigns)	Meeting observations not reported	Women from SHG households with child aged 0–11 months

Abbreviations: JTSP, JEEViKA Technical Support Program; RMNCH, reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health; SHG, self-help group; UPCMP, Uttar Pradesh Community Mobilization Program.
↵a Parivartan was a community mobilization project implemented by Project Concern International (PCI) to understand the efficacy of layering health and nutrition (HN) interventions onto the SHG platform to increase the adoption of HN behaviors among the most marginalized communities in 8 districts in Bihar.
↵b Either respondent or anyone from her family is an SHG member.
↵c JTSP is a technical assistance program to JEEViKA by PCI on HN integration in its livelihood framework in 101 blocks across 11 districts since 2015. JTSP identified 4 blocks of Nalanda district as learning blocks, in which all the HN interventions were pilot tested before scaling up to other geographies.
↵d JEEViKA Mobile Vaani pilot was implemented as a part of JTSP by Gram Vaani and PCI in 6 blocks of Nalanda district to assess the efficacy of a mobile-based voice-media communication platform in accelerating the pace and sustainability of behavior change and achieving higher outcomes in HN indicators.