| Rank | Risk Factor | Predominantly Behavioral | Strong Behavioral Contribution |
| 1 | Alcohol | X | |
| 2 | High blood pressure | X | |
| 3 | Obesity | X | |
| 4 | Suboptimal breastfeeding | X | |
| 5 | Tobacco | X | |
| 6 | High blood glucose | X | |
| 7 | Household air pollution | X | |
| 8 | Diet low in fruits | X | |
| 9 | Childhood underweight | X | |
| 10 | Iron deficiency | X | |
| 11 | Physical inactivity | X | |
| 12 | Drug use | X | |
| 13 | Diet high in sodium | X | |
| 14 | Intimate partner violence | X | |
| 15 | Diet low in vegetables | X | |
| 16 | Diet low in nuts and seeds | X | |
| 17 | Vitamin A deficiency | X | |
| 18 | Unimproved sanitation | X | |
| 19 | High total cholesterol | X | |
| 20 | Lead exposure | X |
Source: Lim et al.1