TABLE 1.

Summary of Studies Included in Systematic Review of mHealth Interventions Assessing Contraceptive Uptake in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, N=8

Authors	Country	mHealth Delivery Mode	Target Population	Study Design	Sample Size^a (Intervention/Control)	Frequency and Duration	Posttest and Follow-Up
Johnson et al.¹⁸	Kenya	HE via text messaging, “role model” stories, clinic database	General public	RCT (probably unblinded)^b	13,629 (6,817/6,812)	Over 3 months	24 hours, 6 days, 3 months postenrollment
Maslowsky et al.¹⁹	Ecuador	Telephone-delivered HE and telephone access to a nurse	Postpartum women	Unblinded RCT	178 (102/76)	Within 48 hours of hospital discharge. Access to a nurse on-call during the first 30 days of the newborn’s life	3 months after delivery
McCarthy et al.²⁰	Tajikistan	HE via app instant messaging	Young people (16–24), both genders	Single-blinded RCT	543 (275/298)	0–3 messages per day over 4 months	4 months after baseline
McCarthy et al.²¹	Palestine	HE via text messaging	Young women (18–24)	Single-blinded RCT	578 (289/289)	0–3 messages per day over 4 months	4 months after baseline
Smith et al.²²	Cambodia	Voice messages and phone calls	Women, postabortion	Single-blinded RCT	300 (249/251)	6 automated voice messages ± telephone counseling within 3-month period	4 and 12 months postabortion
Unger et al.²³	Kenya	HE via text messaging	Postpartum women	3-arm, unblinded RCT	300 (100/100/100)	Weekly until 12 weeks postpartum	From antenatal care attendance and followed through 10, 16, 24 weeks postpartum
Biswas et al.²⁴	Bangladesh	HE via text messaging	Women, postabortion	RCT (probably unblinded)^b	120 (60 /60)	Method-specific reminders/intervals (daily/weekly)	4 months postabortion
Harrington et al.²⁵	Kenya	HE via text messaging	Postpartum women	Unblinded RCT	254 (125/129)	Weekly from enrollment to 6 months postpartum	6 months postpartum

Abbreviations: HE, health education (contraceptive information); RCT, randomized control trial; app, mobile application.
↵a Data from participants who were analyzed.
↵b Authors did not mention about blinding. This information was deduced from reading the studies.