TABLE 1.

Baseline Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Participants at an Urban Medical Center, Lilongwe, Malawi, Stratified by TB Category (N=181)

Unlikely TB (n=125)Probable/Confirmed TB (n=56)P Value
Age, years, median (IQR)a40.0 (34.0–45.0)39.0 (33.0–43.0).51
Gender.42
Male, No. (%)56.0 (44.8)29.0 (51.7)
Female, No. (%)69.0 (55.2)27.0 (48.2)
Baseline CD4 Count (cells/mm3), median (IQR)b256.0 (80.0–484.0)117.0 (29.0–176.0)<.001
Viral Load (copies/ml)c.21
<1,000, No. (%)80.0 (64.0)28.0 (50.0)
1,000–50,000, No. (%)14.0 (11.2)11.0 (19.6)
>50,000, No. (%)22.0 (17.6)9.0 (16.0)
Baseline ART Regimend.001
TDF/3TC/EFV, No. (%)70.0 (56.0)20.0 (35.7)
Other NNRTI-based regimen, No. (%)17.0 (13.6)2.0 (3.6)
Protease inhibitor-based regimen, No. (%)12.0 (9.6)3.0 (5.4)
No ART, No. (%)25.0 (20.0)26.0 (46.4)
Previous TB,e No. (%)32.0 (25.6)12.0 (21.4).58
TB Sign/Symptomf
Fever, No. (%)83.0 (66.4)42.0 (75.0).30
Cough, No. (%)108.0 (86.4)51.0 (91.1).47
Night sweats, No. (%)77.0 (61.6)37.0 (66.1).62
Weight loss, No. (%)98.0 (78.4)50.0 (89.3).10
BMI, median (IQR)19.2 (17.5–22.9)18.6 (16.7–19.8).01
  • Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; BMI, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range; NNRTI, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; TB, tuberculosis; TDF/3TC/EFZ, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine/efavirenz.

  • a Missing in 5 individuals.

  • b Missing in 4 individuals.

  • c Missing in 17 individuals.

  • d Missing in 6 individuals.

  • e Based on participant self report.

  • f Participants could have 2 or more signs/symptoms based on screening questions at study entry.