TABLE 1.

Model Inputs

Variable	All Regions
Increase in HIV acquisition with POI use²⁸	40%
Average maternal age at time of birth	25 years
Reduction in life expectancy for women with HIV on ART³⁸	25%
Reduction in life expectancy for women with HIV not on ART³⁸	75%
Probability of maternal-to-child transmission of HIV if ARVs used in labor⁴⁰	2%
Probability of maternal-to-child transmission of HIV if ARVs not used in labor⁴⁰	25%
Standard discount rate^a^,³⁹	3%

Regional Inputs
	Central Africa		Eastern Africa			Southern Africa		Western Africa
	Chad	DRC	Kenya	Tanzania	Uganda	Malawi	South Africa	Burkina Faso	Senegal
Life expectancy (years)⁴¹	51.5	58.7	61.6	65.0	58.5	62.7	57.2	58.2	66.4
HIV³⁶
HIV incidence	.001	.0003	.003	.002	.005	.004	.015	.0005	.0001
Probability of ARVs in labor	.46	.67	.74	.86	.97	.79	.99	.89	.36
Probability of accessing ARVs	.36	.33	.59	.57	.57	.61	.48	.54	.40
Contraceptive use⁸^,⁹
POIs	.09	.012	.14	.087	.14	.32	.28	.061	.052
COCs	.005	.007	.07	.06	.03	.02	.05	.02	.041
Implant	.00	.007	.016	.005	.025	.09	.00	.08	.012
IUD	.00	.002	.023	.002	.005	.01	.01	.001	.006
Sterilization	.001	.007	.041	.041	.027	.10	.14	.002	.002
Unmet need for contraception^b^,⁸	.22	.28	.29	.26	.35	.38	.13	.25	.31
Maternal mortality⁶
Live birth^c	856	693	510	546^d	343	634	138	371	315
Unsafe abortion^d^,^e	80	80	100	100	100	40	40	80	80
Pregnancy outcomes (per 100 women)¹³
Live birth	.77	.77	.76	.76	.76	.66	.66	.78	.78
Induced abortion	.13	.13	.14	.14	.14	.24	.24	.12	.12
Spontaneous abortion	.09	.09	.09	.09	.09	.09	.09	.09	.09
Ectopic pregnancy	.01	.01	.01	.01	.01	.01	.01	.01	.01

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; ARVs, antiretrovirals; COC, combined oral contraceptive; DRC, Democratic Republic of the Congo; IUD, intrauterine device; POI, progestin-only injectable.
↵a The standard discount rate is routinely used in decision analysis to account for the fact that goods (dollars, health) are not as valuable in the future as they are in the present. Anywhere between 1.5% and 5% is considered a reasonable rate to discount health outcomes.³⁷
↵b The number of women of reproductive age who are married or living with a partner who are fecund, are not using contraception, and report that they do not want any more children or wish to delay their next pregnancy, divided by the number of women of reproductive age who are married or living with a partner.
↵c 2015 WHO estimates of maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births).
↵d Country-level data were not available and so regional estimates were used.
↵e 2008 WHO unsafe abortion rates (per 1,000 women ages 15–44 years).