TABLE 8.

Correlates of the Purchase of Packaged Maize Flour (Probit Models), Urban and Peri-Urban Nairobi and Kisumu, Kenya, 2022 (N=1,507)

	All		Nairobi		Kisumu
	(1) Unconditional	(2) Conditional	(3) Unconditional	(4) Conditional	(5) Unconditional	(6) Conditional
Age of main shopper (years)	−0.003	−0.001	−0.003	−0.001	−0.003	−0.003
P value	.03	.18	.04	.25	.04	.01
Secondary school education	0.020	0.039	0.021	0.040	0.054	0.017
P value	.64	.18	.65	.21	.23	.58
Female	0.130	0.020	0.140	0.018	−0.029	0.012
P value	.02	.52	.01	.60	.54	.68
Notice signs	−0.023	0.044	−0.025	0.044	−0.009	0.047
P value	.61	.08	.62	.11	.80	.04
Notice nutrition information	−0.015	−0.033	−0.013	−0.037	−0.002	−0.015
P value	.71	.18	.77	.16	.97	.66
Notice fortification status	−0.091	−0.021	−0.095	−0.021	−0.021	−0.023
P value	.03	.34	.03	.39	.72	.42
Fortified status: Most important	0.043	−0.042	0.048	−0.044	−0.035	0.119
P value	.61	.44	.62	.43	.59	.06
Fortified status: Least important	−0.035	−0.050	−0.041	−0.054	0.008	0.012
P value	.31	.06	.27	.05	.86	.70
Female-headed household	−0.052	−0.022	−0.051	−0.021	−0.014	0.027
P value	.33	.44	.37	.48	.82	.23
No. adults	−0.012	−0.004	−0.016	−0.005	0.017	0.010
P value	.66	.80	.60	.74	.44	.60
No. children	−0.006	−0.007	−0.009	−0.010	0.015	0.011
P value	.64	.53	.54	.46	.23	.16
Poverty likelihood (proportion)	0.029	0.006	0.023	0.019	0.074	−0.018
P value	.76	.91	.83	.78	.40	.81
Farm household	0.003	−0.001	0.022	0.006	−0.128	−0.037
P value	.94	.95	.61	.82	.001	.16
Density of outlets selling fortified maize flour (10s/km²)	0.004	0.003	0.003	0.004	0.008	−0.004
P value	.59	.28	.68	.27	.56	.47
Price of fortified maize flour in EA (KES/kg)	−0.004	0.001	−0.003	0.001	−0.001	0.010
P value	.65	.85	.80	.92	.81	.01
Price premium for fortified maize flour (KES/kg)	−0.003	−0.008	−0.001	−0.009	−0.009	−0.006
P value	.64	.08	.91	.09	.05	.02
Purchased maize flour in duka		0.244		0.226		0.423
P value		<.001		.002		<.001
Purchased maize flour in posho mill		−0.150		−0.156		−0.121
P value		.02		.03		.03
Purchased maize flour in market		−0.051		−0.079		0.120
P value		.49		.34		.12
Purchased maize flour in large supermarket		0.327		0.306		0.521
P value		<.001		<.001		<.001
Purchased maize flour in small supermarket		0.285		0.258		0.609
P value		<.001		<.001		<.001
Purchased maize flour in other type of outlet		0.147		0.129		0.303
P value		.007		.04		<.001
Nairobi peri-urban	0.030	0.062	0.024	0.061
P value	.60	.09	.71	.11
Kisumu peri-urban	−0.239	0.047			−0.079	−0.015
P value	.005	.24			.23	.65
Kisumu urban	−0.087	0.036
P value	.32	.38
No. of households	1,507	1,125	732	578	775	547
Wald χ²	138.2	772.3	49.5	1432.5	225.2	2019.1
P > χ²	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001	<.001
Pseudo-	0.05	0.40	0.03	0.38	0.08	0.55

Average marginal effects; standard errors clustered at enumeration area; significant P values are in boldface (P<.01, P<.05, and P<.10).