Basic Characteristics of Participants and Their Community, Two Districts, Rural Ethiopia
| Baseline | 3 months, June 2016 | 9 months, December 2016 | 10 months, January 2017 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual/household variable | ||||
| Caregiver | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), years | 29.7 (5.6) | |||
| Education, % (n/N) | ||||
| None | 63.8 (578/906) | |||
| 1–4 grade completed | 12.8 (116/906) | |||
| 5–8 grade completed | 12.6 (114/906) | |||
| Gender, female | 98.5 (892/906) | |||
| Household head, % (n/N) | ||||
| Ethnicity, Guragenya | 95.4 (864/906) | |||
| Religion | ||||
| Muslim | 58.3 (528/906) | |||
| Christian | 37.3 (338/906) | |||
| Child | ||||
| Age, mean (SD), months | 24.2 (15.8) | |||
| Sex, female, % (n/N) | 50.3 (456/906) | |||
| Improved water, % (n/N) | 73.5 (666/906) | |||
| Improved latrine, % (n/N) | 0.3 (3/906) | 12.4 (102/822) | 15.4 (127/824) | 19.2 (166/865) |
| Handwashing (4 times), % (n/N) | 17.8 (162/906) | 12.2 (100/822) | 19.2 (158/824) | 21.4 (185/865) |
| Collective variables | ||||
| High coverage of improved watera, % (n/N) | ||||
| Household | 70.6 (640/906) | |||
| Cluster | 33.3 (16/48) | |||
| High coverage of study-improved latrineb, % (n/N) | ||||
| Householdc | 0 (0/906) | 6.6 (54/822) | 10.6 (87/824) | 18.3 (158/865) |
| Cluster | 0.0 (0/48) | 8.3 (4/48) | 10.4 (5/48) | 20.8 (10/48) |
| 50%–59% | 0d | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 60%–69% | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 70%–79% | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 80%–89% | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| High coverage of handwashinge, % (n/N) | ||||
| Household | 0.0 (0/906) | 6.7 (55/822) | 5.6 (46/824) | 11.1 (96/865) |
| Cluster | 0.0 (0/48) | 8.3 (4/48) | 6.3 (3/48) | 12.5 (6/48) |
Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.
a High coverage is 70% or more of improved water (piped water into dwelling, plot or yard; public tap/standpipe; tube well/borehole; protected dug well; protected spring; and rainwater).
b High coverage is 50% or more of improved latrine, defined as having a pit of ≥2m depth, slab of any material, drop-hole cover, wall, roof, door, and handwashing facilities (water and soap observed).
c Households in the villages of high coverage of a study-improved latrine.
d Number of villages in each category of coverage.
e High coverage is 70% or more handwashing (washing hands at before preparing food, after defecating, before feeding a child, and after cleaning a child’s buttocks).