TY - JOUR T1 - Health System Resilience: Withstanding Shocks and Maintaining Progress JF - Global Health: Science and Practice JO - GLOB HEALTH SCI PRACT DO - 10.9745/GHSP-D-22-00076 VL - 10 IS - Supplement 1 SP - e2200076 AU - Agnes Binagwaho AU - Dennis Hirwe AU - Kedest Mathewos Y1 - 2022/09/15 UR - http://www.ghspjournal.org/content/10/Supplement_1/e2200076.abstract N2 - Key MessagesAs evidenced by the 2014–2016 Ebola outbreak and the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, the lack of resilient health systems results in an ineffective and delayed response to emergency health threats and disruptions to the delivery of essential health services.Embedding implementation research within health systems enables health care workers and policy makers to rapidly identify facilitating and challenging contextual factors as well as to devise and adapt strategies to respond to emerging obstacles.Ensuring accessibility and affordability of health care and building a health system capable of providing a range of services starting at the primary care level between crises is crucial to maintaining progress in health outcomes during a health threat.Implementation science can play a critical role in sharing transferable lessons on how strategies and programs can be implemented to build and maintain resilient health systems.The call for resilient health systems often increases during and shortly after every emergency health crisis. This was the case after the 2014–2016 Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak, and it is of even greater scale now during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.1 The high number of deaths caused directly by the Ebola virus in the 3 most hit West African countries—Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone—was explained by the lack of efficiency of their health systems. However, the unexpectedly high number of deaths not directly linked to the EVD but instead to the lack of availability of essential health services was explained by its lack of resiliency. These countries were not only unable to rapidly and effectively respond to the new health threat as they were unprepared, but they were also unable to maintain consistent and high-quality provision of routine, essential health services while they were responding to the EVD outbreak. Consequently, they faced major disruptions in health care service delivery … ER -