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History
- Received: July 3, 2024
- Accepted: January 8, 2025
- Published online March 4, 2026.
Copyright & Usage
© Egbe et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited. To view a copy of the license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. When linking to this article, please use the following permanent link: https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-24-00351
Author Information
- Catherine O. Egbea,b⇑,
- Senamile P. Ngobesea,b,
- Arshima Khana,c,
- Siphesihle Gwambea,c,
- Zinhle P. Ngcoboa,c,
- Stella A. Bialousd,e
- aMental Health, Alcohol, Substance Use and Tobacco Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
- bDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Health Science, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
- cDepartment of Psychology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
- dSchool of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- eCenter for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Correspondence to Catherine O. Egbe (catherine.egbe{at}mrc.ac.za).







