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Global Health: Science and Practice
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Global Health: Science and Practice

Dedicated to what works in global health programs

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More articles from Original Article

  • Open Access
    Test and Prevent: Evaluation of a Pilot Program Linking Clients With Negative HIV Test Results to Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in Zimbabwe
    Kayla Stankevitz, Definate Nhamo, Joseph Murungu, Kathleen Ridgeway, Takudzwa Mamvuto, Rachel Lenzi, Megan Lydon, Naledi Katsande, Imelda Mahaka and Theresa Hoke
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(1):40-54; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00444

    Widespread HIV testing is identifying individuals who are not infected but are at high risk of HIV exposure. These individuals may be good candidates for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We developed an intervention called Test and Prevent to intentionally link individuals with negative HIV test results to PrEP, which led to high rates of completed PrEP referrals and uptake.

  • Open Access
    Inpatient Point-of-Care HIV Early Infant Diagnosis in Mozambique to Improve Case Identification and Linkage to Antiretroviral Therapy
    Mércia Matsinhe, Timothy Bollinger, Nilza Lee, Osvaldo Loquiha, Bindiya Meggi, Nédio Mabunda, Chishamiso Mudenyanga, Dadirayi Mutsaka, Marcelina Florêncio, Aurora Mucaringua, Eugénia Macassa, Amir Seni, Ilesh Jani and W. Chris Buck
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(1):31-39; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00611

    Introduction of point-of-care early infant diagnosis on the inpatient wards of 2 of the largest pediatric referral hospitals in Mozambique increased HIV testing volume and pediatric HIV case identification with improved linkage to antiretroviral therapy.

  • Open Access
    Expanding Contraceptive Method Choice With a Hormonal Intrauterine System: Results From Mixed Methods Studies in Kenya and Zambia
    Deborah Sitrin, Anne Pfitzer, Gathari Ndirangu, Ameck Kamanga, Brenda Onguti, Susan Ontiri, Jully Chilambwe, Victor Kabwe, Lola Aladesanmi, Leah Elliott and Neeta Bhatnagar
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(1):89-106; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00556

    Although the hormonal intrauterine system has limited availability in low- and middle-income countries, this highly effective long-acting reversible contraceptive method has the potential to be an important addition to the method mix. Introduction of the method in the public sector under “real-world” conditions in Kenya and Zambia shows promise to increase contraception use and continuation.

  • Open Access
    Implementing a Social Accountability Approach for Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health Service Performances in Ethiopia: A Pre-Post Study Design
    Mesele D. Argaw, Binyam Fekadu Desta, Elias Mamo, Melkamu G. Abebe, Deirdre Rogers, Anteneh Demelash, Aklilu A. Ayele, Zinabu Reda, Amare S. Tareke, Alemu M. Erfo, Wegayehu W. Wonjalo, Temesgen A. Bele, Assefa Ayede and Lidya G. Abebe
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(1):123-135; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00114

    Implementing a community scorecard approach may help increase utilization of maternal, neonatal, and child health services in primary health care facilities. The results of our study show the importance of engaging both the community and health workers to measure and continuously improve health care processes and improve the health system performance.

  • Open Access
    Bugs in the Bed: Addressing the Contradictions of Embedded Science with Agile Implementation Research
    James F. Phillips, Bruce B. MacLeod and S. Patrick Kachur
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(1):55-77; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00169

    Implementation research often fails to have its intended impact on what programs actually do. Embedding research within target organizational systems is an effective response to this problem. We present case examples from Bangladesh, Ghana, and Tanzania that demonstrate challenges associated with embedded science. We propose “agile science” as a means of sustaining scientific rigor while simultaneously catalyzing evidence utilization.

  • Open Access
    Curbing the Rise of Noncommunicable Diseases in Uganda: Perspectives of Policy Actors
    Ankita Meghani, Charles Ssemugabo, George Pariyo, Adnan A. Hyder, Elizeus Rutebemberwa and Dustin G. Gibson
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(1):149-159; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00051

    To respond to the growing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Uganda, technical, managerial, and financial resources must be increased in the Ministry of Health as well as in primary and secondary health care facilities. This investment would help further Uganda's efforts to achieve sustainable development goals and build the government's capacity to meet the increasing needs for NCD services.

  • Open Access
    Economic Evaluation of Provision of Postpartum Intrauterine Device Services in Bangladesh and Tanzania
    Gillian Eva, Judy Gold, Anita Makins, Suzanna Bright, Katherine Dean, Emily-Anne Tunnacliffe, Parveen Fatima, Afroja Yesmin, Projestine Muganyizi, Grasiana F. Kimario and Kim Dalziel
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(1):107-122; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00447

    Provision of a postpartum intrauterine device (PPIUD) within 48 hours of delivery was highly cost-effective compared with standard practice in 2 lower middle-income countries. Policy makers should consider expansion of postpartum family planning counseling and introduction of immediate PPIUD services as an added tool to address the unmet need for contraception.

  • Open Access
    The Community Health Systems Reform Cycle: Strengthening the Integration of Community Health Worker Programs Through an Institutional Reform Perspective
    Nan Chen, Mallika Raghavan, Joshua Albert, Abigail McDaniel, Lilian Otiso, Richard Kintu, Melissa West and David Jacobstein
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(Supplement 1):S32-S46; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00429

    Efforts to scale community health worker programs within primary health care systems in 7 countries illustrated that these efforts are best understood as a complex process of institutional reform. Successful scale up depends on a problem-driven political process; requires that models develop solutions that align with resources, capabilities, and commitments of key stakeholders; and emerges from iterative cycles of learning and improvement.

  • Open Access
    Galvanizing Action on Primary Health Care: Analyzing Bottlenecks and Strategies to Strengthen Community Health Systems in West and Central Africa
    Aline Simen-Kapeu, Maria Eleanor Reserva and Rene Ehounou Ekpini
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(Supplement 1):S47-S64; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00377

    In West and Central Africa, “leaving no one behind” requires strengthening community health systems by increasing health financing, improving supply chain system, and fostering community ownership and partnerships in all settings. Countries with high child mortality rates should improve service delivery through better integration. Galvanizing context-specific country actions is fundamental to improve primary health care services and move toward universal health coverage.

  • Open Access
    Measuring Knowledge of Community Health Workers at the Last Mile in Liberia: Feasibility and Results of Clinical Vignette Assessments
    Jordan Downey, Anne H. McKenna, Savior Flomo Mendin, Ami Waters, Nelson Dunbar, Lekilay G. Tehmeh, Emily E. White, Mark J. Siedner, Raj Panjabi, John D. Kraemer, Avi Kenny, E. John Ly, Jennifer Bass, Kuang-Ning Huang, M. Shoaib Khan, Nathan Uchtmann, Anup Agarwal and Lisa R. Hirschhorn
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(Supplement 1):S111-S121; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00380

    We integrated clinical vignettes into routine programmatic supervision to assess community health worker knowledge of integrated community case management in rural Liberia. Results included higher rates of correct diagnosis and lifesaving treatment for uncomplicated disease than for more severe cases, with accurate recognition of danger signs posing a challenge.

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US AIDJohns Hopkins Center for Communication ProgramsUniversity of Alberta

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