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Global Health: Science and Practice

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More articles from METHODOLOGY

  • Open Access
    Transitioning to Digital Systems: The Role of World Health Organization’s Digital Adaptation Kits in Operationalizing Recommendations and Interoperability Standards
    Tigest Tamrat, Natschja Ratanaprayul, Maria Barreix, Özge Tunçalp, David Lowrance, Jenny Thompson, Leona Rosenblum, Nancy Kidula, Ram Chahar, Mary E. Gaffield, Mario Festin, James Kiarie, Brian Taliesin, Carl Leitner, Sylvia Wong, Teodora Wi, Hillary Kipruto, Ayotunde Adegboyega, Derrick Muneene, Lale Say and Garrett Mehl
    Global Health: Science and Practice February 2022, 10(1):e2100320; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-21-00320

    The World Health Organization (WHO) digital adaptation kits distill WHO guidance into a standardized format that can be more easily incorporated into digital systems and facilitate communication between the health workforce and technologists to enable a shared understanding of the underlying content.

  • Open Access
    Systematic Process Framework for Conducting Implementation Science Research in Food Fortification Programs
    Emily Teachout, Laura A. Rowe, Helena Pachon, Becky L. Tsang, Lorraine F. Yeung, Jorge Rosenthal, Hilda Razzaghi, Meredith Moore, Dora Panagides, Peiman Milani and Michael J. Cannon
    Global Health: Science and Practice June 2021, 9(2):412-421; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00707

    Many challenges still exist to fully scaling up food fortification in lower resource settings. To address this need, a collective group of experts in the fields of food fortification and implementation science developed a systematic process framework to provide a tool for identifying and working through challenges.

  • Open Access
    Using Human-Centered Design to Adapt Supply Chains and Digital Solutions for Community Health Volunteers in Nomadic Communities of Northern Kenya
    Sarah R. Andersson, Sarah Hassanen, Amos M. Momanyi, Danielson K. Onyango, Daniel K. Gatwechi, Mercy N. Lutukai, Karen O. Aura, Alex M. Mungai and Yasmin K. Chandani
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2021, 9(Supplement 1):S151-S167; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00378

    Investing the time and effort to use human-centered design (HCD) approaches is beneficial to designing supply chains and digital solutions for complex sociocultural settings. HCD enables users to be engaged in cocreating solutions that address their challenges, are appropriate for their context and capacity, and build local ownership.

  • Open Access
    A Practical Guide to Using Time-and-Motion Methods to Monitor Compliance With Hand Hygiene Guidelines: Experience From Tanzanian Labor Wards
    Giorgia Gon, Said M. Ali, Robert Aunger, Oona M. Campbell, Mícheál de Barra, Marijn de Bruin, Mohammed Juma, Stephen Nash, Amour Tajo, Johanna Westbrook, Susannah Woodd and Wendy J. Graham
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2020, 8(4):827-837; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00221

    Understanding hand hygiene behaviors is critical in hospitals. We developed the HANDS at birth tool—and provide information on its design and implementation–to capture the complex patterns of health care workers’ hand hygiene including hand rubbing/washing, glove use, and recontamination.

  • Open Access
    Mask Reuse in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Creating an Inexpensive and Scalable Ultraviolet System for Filtering Facepiece Respirator Decontamination
    Rachel M. Gilbert, Michael J. Donzanti, Daniel J. Minahan, Jasmine Shirazi, Christine L. Hatem, Brielle Hayward-Piatkovskyi, Allyson M. Dang, Katherine M. Nelson, Kimberly L. Bothi and Jason P. Gleghorn
    Global Health: Science and Practice September 2020, 8(3):582-595; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-20-00218

    We outline a simple, low-cost design—both scalable and adaptable worldwide—to decontaminate filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) using ultraviolet bulbs and supplies found in most hardware stores. The setup will help health care workers safely reuse FFRs in light of the shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic.

  • Open Access
    Using a Chord Diagram to Visualize Dynamics in Contraceptive Use: Bringing Data Into Practice
    Amy Finnegan, Saumya S. Sao and Megan J. Huchko
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2019, 7(4):598-605; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-19-00205

    A chord diagram is an innovative tool that can be used to visualize switching and quitting in contraceptive use between 2 discrete time points. It complements existing analysis of contraceptive failure rates and provides a richer understanding of contraceptive discontinuation and method switching that can lead to fresh insights to improve family planning programs.

  • Open Access
    Harmonizing Methods for Estimating the Impact of Contraceptive Use on Unintended Pregnancy, Abortion, and Maternal Health
    Ian Askew, Michelle Weinberger, Aisha Dasgupta, Jacqueline Darroch, Ellen Smith, John Stover and Melanie Yahner
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2017, 5(4):658-667; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-17-00121

    Five models estimate the impact of family planning on health outcomes, but the estimates previously have diverged because the models used different assumptions, inputs, and algorithms. After a collective harmonization process, the models now produce more similar estimates although they retain some minimal differences. These models assist in planning, resource allocation, and evaluation.

  • Open Access
    Preventing Peer Violence Against Children: Methods and Baseline Data of a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Pakistan
    Judith McFarlane, Rozina Karmaliani, Hussain Maqbool Ahmed Khuwaja, Saleema Gulzar, Rozina Somani, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Yasmeen H Somani, Shireen Shehzad Bhamani, Ryan D Krone, Rene M Paulson, Atta Muhammad and Rachel Jewkes
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2017, 5(1):115-137; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00215

    Peer violence was remarkably high at baseline. Among urban public school students, 94% of 6th-grade boys and 85% of girls reported being victimized by peers in the last 4 weeks. And 85% of boys and 66% of girls reported perpetrating such violence. Boys scored worse on a number of mental health measures. A cluster RCT is underway to evaluate a well-established school-based intervention using sports and games to reduce peer violence.

  • Open Access
    Strategies for Optimal Implementation of Simulated Clients for Measuring Quality of Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
    Anne Fitzpatrick and Katherine Tumlinson
    Global Health: Science and Practice March 2017, 5(1):108-114; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00266

    When properly implemented, use of simulated clients (“mystery clients”) can provide insight into actual experiences of real clients and evaluate quality of care. Successful implementation calls for recruiting mystery clients who represent the facility's clientele, have strong recall of recent events, and are comfortable being undercover data collectors. Developing training protocols and checklists to standardize mystery client behavior and responses is also key.

  • Open Access
    Qualitative Assessment of the Application of a Discrete Choice Experiment With Community Health Workers in Uganda: Aligning Incentives With Preferences
    Aurélie Brunie, Mario Chen and Angela Akol
    Global Health: Science and Practice December 2016, 4(4):684-693; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00070

    Conducting a discrete choice experiment (DCE) with CHWs via survey versus interviews gave similar findings: the most appealing attributes for these CHWs were a bicycle, transportation refund, and mobile phone. To promote meaningful and valid results, particularly when applying DCEs to lower-literacy populations such as CHWs, DCEs should (1) use a small number of job attributes to facilitate comprehension, (2) choose attribute levels (e.g., mobile phone vs. no mobile phone) that are realistic yet show sufficient range, and (3) clearly define attributes and their levels.

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US AIDJohns Hopkins Center for Communication ProgramsUniversity of Alberta

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