Figures & Tables
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Marked Increases in Implant Use by Married Women, 2008–14 to 2015–17
Abbreviations: DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; PMA2020, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020.
Data sources: For earlier year (middle survey), DHS surveys for each country; for later year (latest survey), most recent DHS or PMA2020 survey as of December 31, 2017, as indicated in Table 1. Left-hand and right-hand bars for each country correspond respectively to their middle- and upper-row values in Table 1, Column 3.
- FIGURE 2.
Implants Have Markedly Rising Share of Method Mix Among Married Women, 2003–2017
Abbreviations: DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; PMA2020, Performance Monitoring and Accountability.
Data sources: For 2003–07 and 2008–13, DHS surveys for each country; for 2015–17, most recent DHS or PMA2020 survey as of December 31, 2017, as indicated in Table 1.
- FIGURE 3.
Comparable Increases in Implant Use by Sexually Active Unmarried Women, 2008–14 to 2015–17
Abbreviations: DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; PMA2020, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020.
Note: Niger's survey reports did not include data on specific method use by unmarried women, and thus are not included in this figure.
Data sources: For earlier year (middle survey), DHS surveys for each country; for later year (latest survey), most recent DHS or PMA2020 survey as of December 31, 2017, as indicated in Table 1. Left-hand and right-hand bars for each country correspond to their middle- and upper-row values in Table 1, Column 6.
- FIGURE 4.
Injectables Share of Method Mix Plateauing or Falling Among Married Women, 2003–2017
Abbreviations: DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; PMA2020, Performance Monitoring and Accountability.
Data sources: For 2003–07 and 2008–13, DHS surveys for each country; for 2015–17, most recent DHS or PMA2020 survey, as of December 31, 2017, as indicated in Table 4.
- FIGURE 5.
IUD Use Low in All 12 Countries, With Recent Modest Gains, 2008–2017
Abbreviations: DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; PMA2020, Performance Monitoring and Accountability.
Data sources: For earlier year (middle survey), DHS surveys for each country; for later year (latest survey), most recent DHS or PMA2020 survey as of December 31, 2017. Left-hand and right-hand bars for each country correspond respectively to middle- and upper-row values in Table 4, Column 7. Data for married women only.
Tables
- TABLE 1.
Trends in the mCPR, Implant CPR, and Implant Share of Current Method Mix Among Married Women and Sexually Active Unmarried Women, 2003–2017
Column 1 Married Women Sexually Active Unmarried Women Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6 Column 7 Country and Data Source mCPR Implant CPR Implant Share of Method Mix mCPR Implant CPR Implant Share of Method Mix Kenya PMA R5 2016 59.9 18.1 30.2 53.7 8.1 15.0 Kenya DHS 2008-09 39.4 1.9 4.8 45.1 1.2 2.7 Kenya DHS 2003 31.5 1.7 5.4 44.3 2.0 4.5 Burkina Faso PMA R4 2016 24.6 11.8 48.1 38.8 7.1 18.3 Burkina Faso DHS 2010 15.0 3.4 22.7 58.7 2.3 3.9 Burkina Faso DHS 2003 8.6 1.2 14.0 55.7 0.9 1.6 Malawi DHS 2015–16 58.1 11.5 19.8 43.2 5.8 13.4 Malawi DHS 2010 42.2 1.3 3.1 46.3 0.9 1.9 Malawi DHS 2004 28.1 0.5 1.8 24.3 0.0 0.0 Zimbabwe DHS 2015 65.8 9.6 14.6 66.4 14.4 21.7 Zimbabwe DHS 2010–11 57.3 2.7 4.7 61.5 2.7 4.4 Zimbabwe DHS 2005-06 58.4 1.2 2.1 60.2 0.0 0.0 Ethiopia PMA R5 2017 35.2 8.3 23.7 47.1 15.6 33.2 Ethiopia DHS 2011 27.3 3.4 12.5 52.3 2.4 4.6 Ethiopia DHS 2005 13.9 0.2 1.4 43.3 0.0 0.0 Senegal DHS 2016 23.1 7.1 30.7 47.9 5.9 12.3 Senegal DHS 2010–11 12.1 1.1 9.1 25.6 3.1 12.4 Senegal DHS 2005 10.3 0.6 5.8 43.3 0.6 5.8 Uganda PMA R5 2017 33.9 7.1 20.8 45.5 4.0 8.7 Uganda DHS 2011 26.0 2.7 10.4 44.3 2.4 5.4 Uganda DHS 2006 17.9 0.3 1.7 46.9 0.0 0.0 DRC/K PMA R5 2016 23.4 6.7 28.6 41.8 3.5 8.3 DRC/K DHS 2013–14 19.0 2.4 12.6 NAb NAb NA DRC/K DHS 2007 14.1 NAa NAa NAb NAb NA Tanzania DHS 2015–16 32.0 6.7 20.9 45.8 7.7 16.8 Tanzania DHS 2010 27.4 2.3 8.4 44.7 2.8 6.3 Tanzania DHS 2004–05 20.0 0.5 2.5 35.7 0.5 1.4 Ghana PMA R5 2016 25.8 5.9 23.0 37.6 7.8 20.8 Ghana DHS 2008 16.6 0.9 5.4 33.8 0.8 2.4 Ghana DHS 2003 18.7 1.0 5.3 31.6 0.3 0.9 Nigeria PMA R2 2017 16.1 3.0 18.8 34.9 0.8 2.2 Nigeria DHS 2013 9.8 0.4 4.1 54.9 0.4 0.7 Nigeria DHS 2008 9.7 0.0 0.0 42.4 0.1 0.2 Niger PMA R1 2016 14.4 1.7 11.9 NAb NAb NAb Niger DHS 2012 12.2 0.3 2.5 39.9 0.0 0.0 Niger DHS 2006 5.0 NAa NAa NAb NAb NAb Abbreviations: CPR, contraceptive prevalence rate; DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; mCPR, modern contraceptive prevalence rate; NA, not available; PMA, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020; R, round.
Notes: Uppermost entry for each country, shown in boldface, is the latest available DHS survey report or PMA2020 Family Planning Brief as of December 31, 2017. Table ordered according to implant CPR for married women (Column 3). All data reported as percentages.
↵a Implants included in “other modern methods” category.
↵b Data not provided in survey report.
- TABLE 2.
Substantial and Generally Equitable Use of Implants in Almost All Sociodemographic Categories, Married Women, 7 Countries With Recent DHS Surveys
Implant CPR Ethiopia DHS 2016 Ghana DHS 2014 Kenya DHS 2014 Malawi DHS 2015–16 Senegal DHS 2016 Tanzania DHS 2015–16 Zimbabwe DHS 2015 All married women 7.9 5.2 9.9 11.5 7.1 6.7 9.6 Parity 0 4.7 4.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.5 0.3 1–2 10.5 4.0 10.8 13.3 6.7 7.6 8.3 3–4 8.8 5.6 11.2 13.1 7.2 7.7 12.0 5+ 5.6 6.6 8.9 9.7 10.8 6.5 12.6 Age group, years 15–19 4.9 6.1 5.4 5.1 2.4 2.7 3.6 20–24 8.7 5.0 9.6 12.3 6.5 8.1 9.9 24–29 9.8 7.2 12.9 17.2 6.1 9.2 9.6 30–34 8.4 6.9 11.9 15.2 7.9 8.3 11.7 35–39 8.4 4.1 10.4 10.0 9.8 6.6 10.8 Residence Urban 11.0 4.6 12.0 12.8 9.1 6.4 12.0 Rural 7.3 5.8 8.6 11.3 5.7 6.9 8.4 Wealth quintile Lowest 5.0 4.3 5.7 10.4 6.2 4.5 7.3 Second 7.7 3.3 10.1 10.5 7.2 6.8 8.6 Middle 8.7 6.6 9.8 11.7 8.6 7.8 9.0 Fourth 7.9 5.4 11.1 11.4 6.7 8.7 10.7 Highest 9.9 3.8 11.7 13.5 7.1 6.1 12.2 Abbreviations: CPR, contraceptive prevalence rate; DHS, Demographic and Health Survey.
Note: All data reported as percentages.
- TABLE 3.
Low Implant Use by Nulliparous Married Women, Substantial Use by Married Women With Children, 7 Countries With Recent DHS Surveys
Country and Data Source Implant CPR at Parity 0 Range of Implant CPRs at Parity 1 and Higher Zimbabwe DHS 2015 0.3 8.3–12.6 Kenya DHS 2014 0.4 8.9–11.2 Tanzania DHS 2015–16 0.5 6.5–7.7 Malawi DHS 2015–16 0.6 9.7–13.3 Senegal DHS 2016 0.7 6.7–10.8 Ghana DHS 2014 4.4 4.0–6.6 Ethiopia DHS 2016 4.7 5.6–10.5 Abbreviations: CPR, contraceptive prevalence rate; DHS, Demographic and Health Survey.
Notes: Table ordered from lowest to highest Implant CPR at parity 0. All data reported as percentages.
- TABLE 4.
Method-Specific CPR and Share of Current Modern Method Mix for Implants, Injectables, IUDs, and Pills, Married Women, 2003–2017
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6 Column 7 Column 8 Country and Data Source mCPR Implant CPR Implant Share of Method Mix Injectables CPR Injectables Share of Method Mix IUD CPR/Share of Method Mix Pill CPR/Share of Method Mix Kenya PMA R5 2016 59.9 18.1 30.2 27.6 46.0 3.5/5.9 5.1/8.5 Kenya DHS 2008–09 39.4 1.9 4.8 21.6 54.8 1.6/4.1 7.2/18.3 Kenya DHS 2003 31.5 1.7 5.4 14.3 45.4 2.4/7.6 7.5/23.8 Burkina Faso PMA R4 2016 24.6 11.8 48.1 8.2b 33.4b 0.9/3.5 2.8/11.5 Burkina Faso DHS 2010 15.0 3.4 22.7 6.2 41.3 0.3/2.0 3.2/21.3 Burkina Faso DHS 2003 8.6 1.2 14.0 2.5 29.1 0.4/4.7 2.2/25.6 Malawi DHS 2015–16 58.1 11.5 19.8 30.0 51.6 1.1/1.9 2.4/4.1 Malawi DHS 2010 42.2 1.3 3.1 25.8 61.1 0.3/0.7 2.5/5.9 Malawi DHS 2004 28.1 0.5 1.8 18.0 25.6 0.1/0.4 2.0/7.1 Zimbabwe DHS 2015 65.8 9.6 14.6 9.6 14.6 0.6/1.0 41.1/62.5 Zimbabwe DHS 2010–11 57.3 2.7 4.7 8.3 14.5 0.2/0.3 41.3/72.1 Zimbabwe DHS 2005–06 58.4 1.2 2.1 9.9 17.0 0.3/0.5 43.0/73.6 Ethiopia PMA R5 2017 35.2 8.3 23.7 24.1 66.3 1.2/3.3 1.8/5.2 Ethiopia DHS 2011 27.3 3.4 12.5 20.8 76.2 0.3/1.1 2.1/7.7 Ethiopia DHS 2005 13.9 0.2 1.4 9.9 71.2 0.2/1.4 3.1/22.3 Senegal DHS 2016 23.1 7.1 30.7 8.2 35.5 1.6/6.9 4.6/20.0 Senegal DHS 2010–11 12.1 1.1 9.1 5.2 43.0 0.6/5.0 4.1/33.9 Senegal DHS 2005 10.3 0.6 5.8 3.2 31.1 0.5/4.9 3.6/35.0 Uganda PMA R5 2017 33.9 7.1 20.8 17.6b 51.9b 0.9/2.6 2.7/8.1 Uganda DHS 2011 26.0 2.7 10.4 14.1 54.2 0.5/1.9 2.9/11.2 Uganda DHS 2006 17.9 0.3 1.7 10.2 57.0 0.2/1.1 2.9/16.2 DRC/K PMA R5 2016 23.4 6.7 28.6 3.1b 13.3 1.0/4.2 3.7/15.6 DRC/K DHS 2013–14 19.0 2.4 12.6 3.4 17.9 0.5/2.6 3.0/15.8 DRC/K DHS 2007 14.1 NAa NAa 1.1 7.8 NAa 2.2/15.6 Tanzania DHS 2015-16 32.0 6.7 20.9 12.6 39.4 0.9/2.8 5.5/17.2 Tanzania DHS 2010 27.4 2.3 8.4 10.6 38.7 0.6/2.2 6.7/24.5 Tanzania DHS 2004-05 20.0 0.5 2.5 8.3 41.5 0.2/1.0 5.9/29.5 Ghana PMA R5 2016 25.8 5.9 23.0 8.4 32.6 0.5/2.0 4.5/17.5 Ghana DHS 2008 16.6 0.9 5.4 6.2 37.3 0.2/1.2 4.7/28.3 Ghana DHS 2003 18.7 1.0 5.3 5.4 28.9 0.9/4.8 5.5/29.4 Nigeria PMA R2 2017 16.1 3.0 18.8 4.5 28.1 1.0/6.5 2.5/15.4 Nigeria DHS 2013 9.8 0.4 4.1 3.2 32.7 1.1/11.2 1.8/18.4 Nigeria DHS 2008 9.7 0.0 0.0 2.6 26.8 1.0/10.3 1.7/17.5 Niger PMA R1 2016 14.4 1.7 11.9 5.0 34.9 0.4/2.9 6.8/47.0 Niger DHS 2012 12.2 0.3 2.5 2.1 17.2 0.1/0.8 5.6/45.9 Niger DHS 2006 5.0 NAa NAa 1.5 30.0 0.1/2.0 3.0/60.0 Abbreviations: CPR, contraceptive prevalence rate; DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; DMPA, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; IUD, intrauterine device; mCPR, modern contraceptive prevalence rate; NA, not available; PMA, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020; R, round.
Notes: Uppermost entry for each country is latest available DHS survey report or PMA2020 Family Planning Brief as of December 31, 2017. Table ordered according to implant CPR (Column 3). All data reported as percentages.
↵a Included in “other modern methods” category.
↵b Sum of the intramuscular DMPA injectable and the subcutaneous injectable Sayana Press.
- TABLE 5.
Comparison of Gains in mCPR and Method-Specific CPR for Implants, Injectables, IUDs, and Pills, Married Women, 2008–2017
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6 Column 7 Column 8 Column 9 Column 10 Column 11 Country and Data Source mCPR (%) Total Gain in mCPR (pp) Implant CPR (%) Total Gain in Implant CPR (pp) Injectable CPR (%) Total Gain in Injectable CPR (pp) IUD CPR (%) Total Gain in IUD CPR (pp) Pill CPR (%) Total Gain in Pill CPR (pp) Kenya PMA R5 2016 59.9 20.5 18.1 16.2 27.6 6.0 3.5 1.9 5.1 −2.1 Kenya DHS 2008–09 39.4 1.9 21.6 1.6 7.2 Burkina Faso PMA R4 2016 24.6 9.6 11.8 8.4 8.2a 2.0 0.9 0.6 2.8 −0.4 Burkina Faso DHS 2010 15.0 3.4 6.2 0.3 3.2 Malawi DHS 2015-16 58.1 15.9 11.5 10.2 30.0 4.2 1.1 0.8 2.4 −0.1 Malawi DHS 2010 42.2 1.3 25.8 0.3 2.5 Zimbabwe DHS 2015 65.8 8.5 9.6 6.9 9.6 1.3 0.6 0.4 40.9 −0.4 Zimbabwe DHS 2010–11 57.3 2.7 8.3 0.2 41.3 Ethiopia PMA R5 2017 35.2 7.9 8.3 4.9 24.1 3.3 1.2 0.9 1.8 −0.3 Ethiopia DHS 2011 27.3 3.4 20.8 0.3 2.1 Senegal DHS 2016 23.1 11.0 7.1 6.0 8.2 3.0 1.6 1.0 4.6 0.5 Senegal DHS 2010–11 12.1 1.1 5.2 0.6 4.1 Uganda PMA R5 2017 33.9 7.9 7.1 4.4 17.6 a 3.5 0.9 0.4 2.7 −0.2 Uganda DHS 2011 26.0 2.7 14.1 0.5 2.9 DRC/K PMA R5 2016 23.4 4.4 6.7 4.3 3.1 a −0.3 1.0 0.5 3.7 0.7 DRC/K DHS 2013–14 19.0 2.4 3.4 0.5 3.0 Tanzania DHS 2015–16 32.0 4.6 6.7 4.4 12.6 2.0 0.9 0.3 5.5 −1.2 Tanzania DHS 2010 27.4 2.3 10.6 0.6 6.7 Ghana PMA R5 2016 25.8 9.2 5.9 5.0 8.4 2.2 0.5 0.3 4.5 −0.2 Ghana DHS 2008 16.6 0.9 6.2 0.2 4.7 Nigeria PMA R2 2017 16.1 6.3 3.0 2.6 4.5 1.3 1.0 −0.1 2.5 0.7 Nigeria DHS 2013 9.8 0.4 3.2 1.1 1.8 Niger PMA R1 2016 14.4 2.2 1.7 1.4 5.0 2.9 0.4 0.3 6.8 1.2 Niger DHS 2012 12.2 0.3 2.1 0.1 5.6 Abbreviations: CPR, contraceptive prevalence rate; DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DMPA, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; IUD, intrauterine device; PMA, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020; pp, percentage point; R, round.
Note: Table ordered according to implant CPR (Column 4).
↵a Sum of the intramuscular DMPA injectable and the subcutaneous injectable Sayana Press.
- TABLE 6.
Total and Average Annual Gains in mCPR, Implant CPR, and Implant Share of Method Mix Among Married Women in the 7 Countries With at Least 3 Surveys Between 2013–14 and 2016–17
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6 Column 7 Column 8 Country and Data Source mCPR (%) Total Gain in mCPR (pp), First to Latest Survey Average Annual Gain in mCPR (pp) Implant CPR (%) Total Gain in implant CPR (pp), First to Latest Survey Average Annual Gain in Implant CPR (pp) Implant's Share of Current Modern Method Mix (%) Kenya PMA R5 2016 59.9 6.5 3.25 18.1 8.3 4.15 30.2 Kenya PMA R3 2015 58.8 13.8 23.4 Kenya PMA R1 2014 53.4 9.8 18.3 Burkina Faso PMA R4 2016 24.6 6.6 3.30 11.8 3.6 1.80 48.1 Burkina Faso PMA R2 2015 20.1 7.9 39.5 Burkina Faso PMA R1 2014 18.0 8.2 45.5 DRC/K PMA R5 2016 23.4 4.9 1.63 6.7 5.1 1.70 28.6 DRC/K PMA R3 2015 20.4 3.7 18.2 DRC/K PMA R1 2013 18.5 1.6 8.6 Uganda PMA R5 2017 33.9 8.3 2.77 7.1 3.8 1.27 20.8 Uganda PMA R3 2015 30.0 4.9 16.4 Uganda PMA R1 2014 25.6 3.3 12.8 Senegal DHS 2016 23.1 2.8 1.40 7.1 2.3 1.15 30.7 Senegal DHS 2015 21.2 5.2 24.5 Senegal DHS 2014 20.3 4.8 23.6 Ghana PMA R5 2016 25.8 7.4 2.47 5.9 3.0 1.00 22.9 Ghana PMA R3 2014 21.4 3.7 17.4 Ghana PMA R1 2013 18.4 2.9 15.8 Ethiopia PMA R5 2017 35.2 1.4 0.47 8.3 2.9 0.97 23.7 Ethiopia PMA R3 2015 35.8 7.5 20.9 Ethiopia PMA R1 2014 33.8 5.4 16.0 Abbreviations: CPR, contraceptive prevalence rate; DHS, Demographic and Health Survey; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; mCPR, modern contraceptive prevalence rate; PMA, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020; pp, percentage point; R, round.
Notes: Upper entries are latest surveys available online as of December 31, 2017. Table ordered according to average annual gain in implant CPR (Column 7).
- APPENDIX TABLE.
Rapid and Substantial Gains in Implant Use, Share of Method Mix, and Contribution to mCPR Gains, Married Women, All Countries With PMA2020 Family Planning Briefs Posted Online in January and February 2018
Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Column 4 Column 5 Column 6 Column 7 Column 8 Country and Data Source mCPR (%) Implant CPR (%) Implant Share of Method Mix (%) Injectable CPR (%) Injectable Share of Method Mix (%) mCPR Annual Gain, 2016 to 2017 (pp) Implant CPR Annual Gain, 2016 to 2017 (pp) DRC/K PMA R6 2017 26.7 10.1 37.9 5.2a 19.5a 3.3 3.4 DRC/K PMA R5 2016 23.4 6.7 28.6 3.1a 13.3a Ghana PMA R6 2017 27.4 8.4 30.7 7.8 28.5 1.6 2.5 Ghana PMA R5 2016 25.8 5.9 23.0 8.4 32.6 Niger PMA R2 2017 18.1 3.1 17.1 7.3 40.3a 3.7 1.4 Niger PMA R1 2016 14.4 1.7 11.9 5.0 34.9 Abbreviations: CPR, contraceptive prevalence rate; DMPA, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; DRC/K, Democratic Republic of the Congo/Kinshasa only; mCPR, modern contraceptive prevalence rate; PMA, Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020; pp, percentage point; R, round.
↵a Sum of the intramuscular DMPA injectable and the subcutaneous injectable Sayana Press.
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