Skip to main content

Main menu

  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Advance Access
    • Archive
    • Supplements
      • The Challenge Initiative Platform
      • Call for Abstracts
      • The Responsive Feedback Approach
    • Topic Collections
  • For Authors
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Submit Manuscript
    • Publish a Supplement
    • Promote Your Article
    • Resources for Writing Journal Articles
  • About
    • About GHSP
    • Editorial Team
    • Advisory Board
    • FAQs
    • Instructions for Reviewers
  • Webinars
    • Local Voices Webinar
    • Connecting Creators and Users of Knowledge
    • Publishing About Programs in GHSP
  • Other Useful Sites
    • GH eLearning
    • GHJournal Search

User menu

  • My Alerts

Search

  • Advanced search
Global Health: Science and Practice
  • Other Useful Sites
    • GH eLearning
    • GHJournal Search
  • My Alerts

Global Health: Science and Practice

Dedicated to what works in global health programs

Advanced Search

  • Content
    • Current Issue
    • Advance Access
    • Archive
    • Supplements
    • Topic Collections
  • For Authors
    • Instructions for Authors
    • Submit Manuscript
    • Publish a Supplement
    • Promote Your Article
    • Resources for Writing Journal Articles
  • About
    • About GHSP
    • Editorial Team
    • Advisory Board
    • FAQs
    • Instructions for Reviewers
  • Webinars
    • Local Voices Webinar
    • Connecting Creators and Users of Knowledge
    • Publishing About Programs in GHSP
  • Alerts
  • Visit GHSP on Facebook
  • Follow GHSP on Twitter
  • RSS
  • Find GHSP on LinkedIn
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Open Access

Expanding Access to a New, More Affordable Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System in Kenya: Service Delivery Costs Compared With Other Contraceptive Methods and Perspectives of Key Opinion Leaders

Kate H Rademacher, Marsden Solomon, Tracey Brett, John H Bratt, Claire Pascual, Jesse Njunguru and Markus J Steiner
Global Health: Science and Practice August 2016, 4(Supplement 2):S83-S93; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00327
Kate H Rademacher
aFHI 360, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
  • For correspondence: krademacher@fhi360.org
Marsden Solomon
aFHI 360, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Tracey Brett
aFHI 360, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
John H Bratt
aFHI 360, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Claire Pascual
bMarie Stopes International, London, United Kingdom
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Jesse Njunguru
cMarie Stopes Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
Markus J Steiner
aFHI 360, Raleigh-Durham, NC, USA
  • Find this author on Google Scholar
  • Find this author on PubMed
  • Search for this author on this site
PreviousNext
  • Article
  • Figures & Tables
  • Info & Metrics
  • Comments
  • PDF
Loading

Figures & Tables

Figures

  • Tables
  • FIGURE.
    • Download figure
    • Open in new tab
    • Download powerpoint
    FIGURE.

    Direct Service Delivery Cost of the LNG IUS per CYPa Compared With Cost per CYP of Other Contraceptive Methods (2015 US$)

    Abbreviations: COCs, combined oral contraceptives; CYP, couple-year of protection; DMPA, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; IUD, intrauterine device; LNG IUS, levonorgestrel intrauterine system; NET‐EN, norethisterone enanthate.

    a The public‐sector transfer price for Medicines360’s LNG IUS depends on volumes. The calculated LNG IUS cost per CYP of US$6.34 in this chart reflects a US$15 per unit public‐sector transfer price based on a weighted average for an order of 100,000 units.

    b Although the commodity cost of Sino-implant (II) implants (US$8 per unit) is lower than the commodity cost of Jadelle implants (US$8.50 per unit), Sino-implant (II) is labeled for 4 years of use with a CYP conversion factor of 3.2 years while Jadelle is labeled for 5 years of use with a CYP conversion factor of 3.8 years. Thus, the cost per CYP for Jadelle is slightly lower than that of Sino--implant (II).

Tables

  • Figures
    • View popup
    TABLE 1. Contraceptive Prevalence Among Married Women of Reproductive Age in Kenya, 1988–2015
    Percentage of Married Women Using:
    Survey YearAny Modern MethodInjectableCopper IUDImplant
    1988–198917.93.33.70.0
    199327.37.24.20.0
    199831.511.82.70.8
    200331.514.32.41.7
    2008–200939.421.61.61.9
    201453.226.43.49.9
    201563.129.24.816.1
    • Abbreviation: IUD, intrauterine device.

    • Source of data: 2015 survey from Performance Monitoring and Accountability 2020 (PMA2020)15; all other surveys from Demographic and Health Surveys.16

    • View popup
    TABLE 2. Per Unit Costs of Commodities, Consumable Supplies, and Instruments Included in the Model (US$)
    MethodCommodityConsumables for Insertion/Initial ProvisionConsumables for ResupplyConsumables for RemovalInstruments
    COCs$0.27NANANANA
    Copper IUD$0.35$0.90NA$0.90$0.13
    DMPA injectable$0.72$0.34$0.34NANA
    Female condom$0.45NANANANA
    Female sterilizationNA$6.64NANA$0.15
    Implanon implants$8.50$1.32NA$1.32$0.03
    Jadelle implants$8.50$1.32NA$1.32$0.03
    LNG IUS$15.00$0.90NA$0.90$0.13
    Male condom$0.03NANANANA
    Male sterilizationNA$4.67NANA$0.03
    NET-EN injectable$1.15$0.34$0.34NANA
    Sayana Press injectable$1.00$0.34$0.34NANA
    Sino-implant (II) implants$8.00$1.32NA$1.32$0.03
    • Abbreviations: COCs, combined oral contraceptives; DMPA, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; IUD, intrauterine device; LNG IUS, levonorgestrel intrauterine system; NA, not applicable; NET-EN, norethisterone enanthate.

    • Source of data: UNFPA AccessRH Product Catalog,23 IDA Foundation E-catalogue,24 Stephens,10 and personal communication with international medical supplier Shendu Pak (for cost of instruments required for long-acting and permanent methods). Supply and commodity costs can fluctuate over time; the prices used in the model were accessed in September 2015.

    • View popup
    TABLE 3. Total Labor Time Included in the Model for Counseling, Insertion, Removal, and/or Resupply by Method and Provider Cadre
    Nurse-MidwifePhysicianUnpaid Health Worker
    MethodCounseling and Method ProvisionFollow-up or ResupplyRemovalMethod ProvisionCounseling and Method ProvisionResupply
    COCs25 min5 minNANANANA
    DMPA injectable25 min5 minNANANANA
    Female condom20 min5 minNANANANA
    Female sterilization60 min10 minNA30 minNANA
    Implanon implants35 min10 min15 minNANANA
    Copper IUD35 min10 min10 minNANANA
    Jadelle implants35 min10 min15 minNANANA
    LNG IUS35 min10 min10 minNANANA
    Male condomNANANANA20 min5 min
    Male sterilization60 min10 minNA30 minNANA
    NET-EN injectable25 min5 minNANANANA
    Sayana Press injectable25 min5 minNANANANA
    Sino-implant (II) implants35 min10 min15 minNANANA
    • Abbreviations: COCs, combined oral contraceptives; DMPA, depot medroxyprogesterone acetate; IUD, intrauterine device; LNG IUS, levonorgestrel intrauterine system; NA, not applicable; NET--EN, norethisterone enanthate.

    • Source of data: Futures Institute.25

PreviousNext
Back to top

In this issue

Global Health: Science and Practice: 4 (Supplement 2)
Global Health: Science and Practice
Vol. 4, No. Supplement 2
August 11, 2016
  • Table of Contents
  • About the Cover
  • Index by Author
  • Complete Issue (PDF)
Print
Download PDF
Article Alerts
Sign In to Email Alerts with your Email Address
Email Article

Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Global Health: Science and Practice.

NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.

Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas.
Expanding Access to a New, More Affordable Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System in Kenya: Service Delivery Costs Compared With Other Contraceptive Methods and Perspectives of Key Opinion Leaders
(Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Global Health: Science and Practice
(Your Name) thought you would like to see this page from the Global Health: Science and Practice web site.
CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.
Citation Tools
Expanding Access to a New, More Affordable Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System in Kenya: Service Delivery Costs Compared With Other Contraceptive Methods and Perspectives of Key Opinion Leaders
Kate H Rademacher, Marsden Solomon, Tracey Brett, John H Bratt, Claire Pascual, Jesse Njunguru, Markus J Steiner
Global Health: Science and Practice Aug 2016, 4 (Supplement 2) S83-S93; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00327

Citation Manager Formats

  • BibTeX
  • Bookends
  • EasyBib
  • EndNote (tagged)
  • EndNote 8 (xml)
  • Medlars
  • Mendeley
  • Papers
  • RefWorks Tagged
  • Ref Manager
  • RIS
  • Zotero
Share
Expanding Access to a New, More Affordable Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System in Kenya: Service Delivery Costs Compared With Other Contraceptive Methods and Perspectives of Key Opinion Leaders
Kate H Rademacher, Marsden Solomon, Tracey Brett, John H Bratt, Claire Pascual, Jesse Njunguru, Markus J Steiner
Global Health: Science and Practice Aug 2016, 4 (Supplement 2) S83-S93; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00327
del.icio.us logo Digg logo Reddit logo Twitter logo CiteULike logo Facebook logo Google logo Mendeley logo
  • Tweet Widget
  • Facebook Like
  • Google Plus One

Statistics from Altmetric.com

Jump to section

  • Article
    • ABSTRACT
    • INTRODUCTION
    • METHODS
    • RESULTS
    • DISCUSSION
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • Acknowledgments
    • Notes
    • REFERENCES
  • Figures & Tables
  • Info & Metrics
  • Comments
  • PDF

Related Articles

  • No related articles found.
  • PubMed
  • Google Scholar

Cited By...

  • Economic Evaluation of Provision of Postpartum Intrauterine Device Services in Bangladesh and Tanzania
  • Experiences With the Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System Among Clients, Providers, and Key Opinion Leaders: A Mixed-Methods Study in Nigeria
  • A Global Learning Agenda for the Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System (LNG IUS): Addressing Challenges and Opportunities to Increase Access
  • Menstrual Bleeding Changes Are NORMAL: Proposed Counseling Tool to Address Common Reasons for Non-Use and Discontinuation of Contraception
  • Liftoff: The Blossoming of Contraceptive Implant Use in Africa
  • Long-Acting HIV Treatment and Prevention: Closer to the Threshold
  • Cost of Contraceptive Implant Removal Services Must Be Considered When Responding to the Growing Demand for Removals
  • Google Scholar

More in this TOC Section

  • From Pre-Implementation to Institutionalization: Lessons From Sustaining a Perinatal Audit Program in South Africa
  • The Burden of Motorcycle Crash Injuries on the Public Health System in Kisumu City, Kenya
  • Nongovernmental Organization Practitioners’ Perspectives on the Challenges and Solutions to Changing Handwashing Behavior in Older Children: A Qualitative Study
Show more ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Similar Articles

Subjects

  • Health Topics
    • Family Planning and Reproductive Health
US AIDJohns Hopkins Center for Communication ProgramsUniversity of Alberta

Follow Us On

  • Twitter
  • Facebook
  • LinkedIn
  • RSS

Articles

  • Current Issue
  • Advance Access Articles
  • Past Issues
  • Topic Collections
  • Most Read Articles
  • Supplements

More Information

  • Submit a Paper
  • Instructions for Authors
  • Instructions for Reviewers
  • GH Journals Database

About

  • About GHSP
  • Advisory Board
  • FAQs
  • Privacy Policy
  • Contact Us

© 2023 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. ISSN: 2169-575X

Powered by HighWire