Figures & Tables
Tables
- TABLE 1.
Descriptive Characteristics of Surveyed Women Who Had Sex in the Last Year in Selected Urban Areas, by Country, 2010/2011
Characteristic Nigeria (N = 11,930) Kenya (N = 7,085) No. (%) No. (%) Age category, years 15–24 2429 (20.4) 2476 (35.0) 25–34 5296 (44.4) 3100 (43.8) ≥35 4205 (35.2) 1509 (21.3) Highest education level None/Quranic 1653 (13.9) 429 (6.1) Primary 2030 (17.0) 2673 (37.7) Secondary 5140 (43.1) 2740 (38.7) Higher 3027 (25.4) 1243 (17.5) Missing 81 (0.7) 0 (0.0) Religion Christian 5832 (48.9) 6318 (89.2) Muslim 5969 (50.0) 621 (8.8) No religion/other/none/missing 128 (1.1) 146 (2.1) Marital/relationship status Never married 1835 (15.4) 1584 (22.4) Married/living together 9703 (81.3) 4884 (68.9) Divorced/separated 160 (1.3) 505 (7.1) Widowed 93 (0.8) 108 (1.5) Missing 139 (1.2) 4 (0.1) Has at least one living child No 2353 (19.7) 1510 (21.3) Yes 9577 (80.3) 5574 (78.7) Wealth quintile Poorest 2206 (18.5) 1280 (18.1) Poor 2434 (20.4) 1352 (19.1) Middle 2510 (21.0) 1495 (21.1) Rich 2462 (20.6) 1467 (20.7) Richest 2319 (19.4) 1491 (21.1) City (Nigeria/Kenya) Abuja/Nairobi 1594 (13.4) 5150 (72.7) Benin City/Mombasa 1564 (13.1) 1325 (18.7) Ibadan/Kisumu 2487 (20.8) 382 (5.4) Ilorin/Machakos 1993 (16.7) 103 (1.4) Kaduna/Kakamega 2853 (23.9) 126 (1.8) Zaria/NA 1440 (12.1) NA Current contraceptive use No method 7409 (62.1) 3116 (44.0) Long-acting method 406 (3.4) 508 (7.2) Short-acting method 2750 (23.1) 3048 (43.0) Natural/traditional methods 1365 (11.4) 413 (5.8) Type of short-acting method among short-acting method users Injectable 722 (26.2) 1511 (49.6) Oral contraceptive pill 372 (13.5) 860 (28.2) Emergency contraception 214 (7.8) 87 (2.9) Condom 1440 (52.4) 589 (19.3) Spermicide 3 (0.1) 0 (0.0) Note: All analyses are weighted; unweighted total for Nigeria was 11,873, and for Kenya 7,226.
- TABLE 2.
Method Source Among Surveyed Women Using a Short-Acting Method and Who Had Sex in the Last Year in Selected Urban Areas, by Country and Method, 2010/2011
Source Nigeria Kenya Injectable (n = 722) OCP (n = 372) EC (n = 214) Condom (n = 1440) Other modern (n = 3) Total short-acting (N = 2750) Injectable (n = 1511) OCP (n = 860) EC (n = 87) Condom (n = 587) Total short-acting (N = 3048) Public facility 60.5 20.9 2.9 4.6 68.7 21.4 50.8 30.6 10.4 9.2 35.9 Private facility 22.3 4.2 3.3 2.4 31.3 8.0 42.7 25.5 9.0 10.1 30.6 Pharmacy (Nigeria); Pharmacy/drug shop (Kenya) 3.4 22.3 32.6 27.6 0.0 20.9 6.2 43.7 76.5 75.0 32.1 Drug shop/PPMV (Nigeria) 10.6 49.0 52.4 46.4 0.0 37.8 NA NA NA NA NA Other 0.6 0.3 1.0 7.5 0.0 4.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 1.4 0.4 Don't know/missing 2.6 3.2 7.8 11.5 0.0 7.8 0.3 0.0 4.1 4.2 1.1 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Abbreviations: EC, emergency contraception; OCP, oral contraceptive pill; PPMV, proprietary patent medicine vendor.
- TABLE 3.
Characteristics of Drug Shops and Pharmacies Surveyed in Selected Urban Areas of Nigeria and Kenya, 2010/2011
% of Nigerian Pharmacies (n = 433) % of Nigerian Drug Shops (n = 555) % of Kenyan Pharmacies/Drug Shops (n = 223) Number of years open/in operation Less than 5 19.6 31.9 42.2 5 to 10 31.2 34.8 21.1 11 to 15 15.9 14.8 15.7 More than 15 16.9 12.3 11.7 Don't know 16.2 6.1 9.4 Missing 0.2 0.2 0.0 Number of operating hours per day Less than 5 0.2 0.5 1.4 5 to 10 13.2 16.6 26.5 11 to 15 73.2 72.4 66.8 More than 15 13.4 9.9 4.0 Missing 0.0 0.5 1.4 Number of operating days per week 5 1.2 0.7 2.7 6 47.1 41.8 45.7 7 51.7 57.3 49.8 Missing 0.0 0.2 1.8 Number of regular, permanent staff Less than 5 69.8 92.4 79.8 5 to 10 22.6 1.6 11.7 11 to 15 1.9 0.0 5.4 More than 15 3.0 0.0 1.8 Missing 2.8 6.0 1.4 Outlet provides family planning methods Yes 95.8 87.0 98.2 No 3.0 12.6 1.8 Missing/Don't know 1.2 0.4 0.0 Observed family planning promotional materials on display Displayed 32.8 20.4 48.9 Not displayed 65.1 78.7 50.7 Missing 2.1 0.9 0.5 Person interviewed ever received training on family planning Yes 40.7 40.7 57.0 No 59.1 57.7 42.6 Don't know 0.2 1.6 0.0 Missing 0.0 0.0 0.5 - TABLE 4.
Contraceptive Methods Offered in Surveyed Pharmacies and Drug Shops in Selected Urban Areas, by Facility Type and Country, 2010/2011
Method Offered % of Nigerian Pharmacies (n = 415) % of Nigerian Drug Shops (n = 483) % of Kenyan Pharmacies/Drug Shops (n = 219) Injectable 69.6 20.1 68.0 Combined oral pill 76.6 64.8 98.2 Progestin-only pill 4.3 1.9 14.6 Emergency contraception 70.4 37.9 92.7 Male condom 98.8 98.1 93.6 Female condom 31.8 14.1 5.9 Spermicide 1.5 0.4 NA - TABLE 5.
Surveyed Facilities Requiring a Prescription for Clients to Receive a Contraceptive Method in Selected Urban Areas, by Facility Type and Country, 2010/2011
Nigerian Pharmacies Nigerian Drug Shops Kenyan Pharmacies/Drug Shops No. Providing Method (% Requiring Rx) No. Providing Method (% Requiring Rx) No. Providing Method (% Requiring Rx) Injectable 289 (41.9) 97 (55.7) 149 (56.4) Combined oral pill 318 (39.3) 313 (39.0) 215 (25.1) Progestin only pill 18 (55.6) 9 (44.4) 32 (34.4) Emergency contraceptives 292 (33.2) 183 (29.5) 203 (10.8) Male condom 410 (14.2) 474 (12.2) 205 (1.0) Female condom 132 (14.4) 68 (5.9) 13 (0.0) Spermicide 6 (33.3) 2 (100.0) NA Abbreviation: Rx, prescription.
- TABLE 6.
Multinomial Logistic Regression Coefficients (Standard Errors) Comparing Source of Method Among Surveyed Women Using Short-Acting Methods, Selected Urban Areas of Nigeria, 2010/2011 (N=2,565)
Pharmacy/Drug Shop vs. Public Pharmacy/Drug Shop vs. Private Public vs. Private Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Marital status (Ref: Married) Never married 1.00 (0.41)* 0.10 (0.46) −0.89 (0.57) Divorced/separated/widowed 0.77 (0.41)+ −0.27 (0.45) −1.04 (0.56)+ Religion (Ref: Christian) Muslim −0.33 (0.13)** −0.11 (0.21) 0.22 (0.22) No religion 0.54 (0.80) −1.31 (0.67) −1.85 (0.91)* Age (Ref: Age ≥35) <25 1.13 (0.21)*** 0.54 (0.31)+ −0.59 (0.34)+ 25–34 0.66 (0.12)*** 0.45 (0.18)* −0.21 (0.18) Education (Ref: None) Primary 0.06 (0.26) 0.33 (0.38) 0.27 (0.38) Secondary 0.26 (0.27) 0.12 (0.38) −0.14 (0.38) Higher than secondary 0.45 (0.28) 0.49 (0.41) 0.04 (0.42) Wealth (Ref: Poorest) Poor 0.31 (0.19) 0.19 (0.28) −0.11 (0.30) Middle 0.26 (0.19) 0.14 (0.29) −0.12 (0.30) Rich 0.24 (0.20) 0.11 (0.31) −0.13 (0.31) Richest 0.42 (0.23) −0.38 (0.31) −0.80 (0.35)* City (Ref: Ibadan) Abuja −1.05 (0.19)*** 0.31 (0.34) 1.37 (0.36)*** Benin City −0.15 (0.20) −0.43 (0.27) −0.27 (0.31) Ilorin 0.13 (0.16) −0.62 (0.26)* −0.75 (0.27)** Kaduna −0.86 (0.18)*** −0.73 (0.28)** 0.13 (0.29) Zaria −1.35 (0.24)*** −1.32 (0.39)*** 0.03 (0.32) Any living children −1.22 (0.43)** −1.48 (0.52)** −0.26 (0.65) Constant 1.30 (0.56)* 2.98 (0.68)*** 1.69 (0.81)* - TABLE 7.
Multinomial Logistic Regression Coefficients (Standard Errors) Comparing Source of Method Among Surveyed Women Using Short-Acting Methods, Selected Urban Areas of Kenya, 2010/2011 (N=3,049)
Pharmacy/Drug Shop vs. Public Pharmacy/Drug Shop vs. Private Public vs. Private Column 1 Column 2 Column 3 Marital status (Ref: Married) Never married 1.17 (0.15)*** 1.13 (0.19)*** −0.04 (0.17) Divorced/separated/widowed 0.93 (0.18)*** 0.66 (0.21)** −0.26 (0.18) Religion (Ref: Christian) Muslim 0.32 (0.23) 0.39 (0.25) 0.08 (0.22) No religion 0.19 (0.48) 0.21 (0.46) 0.02 (0.47) Age (Ref: Age ≥35) <25 −0.26 (0.16) −0.17 (0.17) 0.09 (0.15) 25–34 −0.20 (0.14) −0.17 (0.16) 0.02 (0.13) Education (Ref: None) Primary 0.02 (0.30) 0.29 (0.31) 0.27 (0.23) Secondary 0.22 (0.30) 0.52 (0.31)+ 0.30 (0.22) Higher than secondary 0.82 (0.32)* 0.74 (0.34)* −0.08 (0.27) Wealth (Ref: Poorest) Poor 0.24 (0.16) 0.13 (0.18) −0.10 (0.14) Middle 0.35 (0.17)* 0.12 (0.18) −0.23 (0.15) Rich 0.50 (0.16)** 0.27 (0.19) −0.23 (0.17) Richest 1.24 (0.20)*** 0.26 (0.22) −0.98 (0.20)*** City (Ref: Kisumu) Nairobi 0.73 (0.17)*** −0.17 (0.18) −0.91 (0.15)*** Mombasa 0.63 (0.19)** −0.67 (0.21)** −1.30 (0.18)*** Machakos 0.13 (0.17) 0.70 (0.22)** 0.57 (0.20)** Kakamega 0.73 (0.19)*** 0.87 (0.24)*** 1.60 (0.22)*** Any living children −1.76 (0.19)*** −1.25 (0.21)*** 0.51 (0.23)* Constant −0.28 (0.38) 0.22 (0.43) 0.50 (0.36)
In this issue
Key Role of Drug Shops and Pharmacies for Family Planning in Urban Nigeria and Kenya
