Figures & Tables
Figures
- FIGURE 1
Flow of Activities for Mobile‐Messaging Mobilization Approach, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Abbreviation: IRS, indoor residual spraying.
- FIGURE 2
Flow of Activities for Door‐to‐Door Mobilization Approach, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Abbreviation: IRS, indoor residual spraying.
- FIGURE 3
Literacy and Text‐Messaging Capabilities of Beneficiaries, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014 (N=673)
Tables
- TABLE 1 Text Message Pretest Results for the Indoor Residual Spraying Campaign, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Village Message Received and Understood Message Received and Not Read Beneficiary Unavailable at Time of Survey Beneficiary Illiterate Message Received and Deleted Before Reading Total, No. (%) Tienfala Gare 2 9 0 0 0 11 (55) Tienfala Village 1 1 2 0 0 4 (20) Fougadougou 0 1 0 3 1 5 (25) Total, No. (%) 3 (15) 11 (55) 2 (10) 3 (15) 1 (5) 20 (100) French Bambara (Local Language) English Sample Pre-Spray Messages Les habitants de Tienfala ceci est un message pour vous informer que la campagne PID 2014 va commencer le 11 Aout 2014. Vous serez informé sur le calendrier de la campagne sur votre téléphone, les mesures à prendre avant, pendant et après la campagne. Tous unis pour une meilleure campagne de PID. Anw Balima Tienfala Kaw so fiye baaraw bi da mine uti Kalo kile 11 Tienfala mara la. Kuna foni be di aw ma a ka telephoni ka campagni boloda bara hougoumou kono na waleya mounou kan ka ta sani campagne ka se ani campagne konona la ani ni campagne temena.
Aw ni tie aw ka timinandiya la.Residents of Tienfala, this message is to inform you that the Spray campaign will start on August 11th, 2014. You will be informed about the timing of the campaign on your phone, the measures to be taken before, during and after the campaign. All together for a better spray campaign. Préparer votre structure à temps, tous les objets et meubles doivent être sortis de la structure ou rassemblés au centre et couverts afin de permettre à l’opérateur d’accéder facilement aux murs de la pièce. Sokonominenw bee be labo kenema: tobiliminenw, finiw, dumininfenw, minen minuw dulo ne do kogow la.Minen girinmanw minnu talika gelen, olu be fara nogokan so cemance la, ku datugu kane. Obatofiyeli kela be seka sokono na soro nogoyala. Prepare your structure at time, all objects and furniture must be removed from the structure and gathered in the center and covered to allow the spray operator easy access in the structure to spray. La PID est gratuite, tous les frais sont pris en charge par l’USAID (fonds du peuple américain). So fiye ye fu ye a moussaka be taledo lamericainw ka deme diekouloufe no bi wele ko USAID. The Indoor Residual Spraying is free, all the costs are supported by USAID (funds of the American people). Sample Mid-Spray Message Mettre tous les animaux domestiques en cage/dans un enclos hors de la maison, tenez éloigne les enfants pendant la pulvérisation. Du denw bee ani du banga misenniw, ni chiyew bee be to kene ma fiyeli waati.Fiyelikela mana tila aw be so da tugou kane. Put all animals out of the house and keep children away while spraying. Sample Post-Spray Messages Laver à l’eau et au savon les tissus qui ont servi à couvrir les objets pendant la pulvérisation. Fini minuw kera ka minnen girimaw datugu, o bee be ko ka je ni safine ye. Wash with soap and water fabrics that were used to cover objects during spraying. Laisser les portes et les fenêtres fermées pendant au moins 2 heures après la PID. Fiyeli bane ko fe, aw be daw ani finetiriw tugulen to, fo ka tase lere fila ma. Keep doors and windows closed for at least 2 hours after the spray. Eviter de peindre, de mettre de l’enduit et de laver les murs pour préserver l’efficacité de l’insecticide. So fiyelen kofe, aw man ka ka sow konona mu walima ku pintiri walima ku ko, walasa fennenamafagalan fanga kana ban. Avoid painting, plastering, or washing the walls to preserve the effectiveness of the insecticide. - TABLE 2 Number of Messages Sent During the Pilot Indoor Residual Spraying Campaign, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Village Types of Messages Sent No. of Beneficiary Phone Numbers No. of Text Messages Sent No. of Text Messages Sent per Beneficiary Phone Number No. of Voice Messages Sent No. of Voice Messages Sent per Beneficiary Phone Number Tienfala Village Text only 181 1,760 10 0 0 Tienfala Gare Voice + Text 344 3,290 10 3,290 10 Fougadougou Voice + Text 148 1,184 8 1,184 8 Total 673 6,234 9.3 (mean) 4,474 9.1 (mean) - TABLE 3 Indoor Residual Spray Coverage and Household Preparedness in Pilot and Comparison Villages, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Village No. of Structures Targeted No. of Structures Sprayed Spray Coverage No. of Structures Prepared Structure Preparation Coverage Mobile-Messaging Mobilization Fougadougou 163 136 83% 66 40% Tienfala Gare 262 212 81% 144 55% Tienfala Village (text only) 151 140 93% 71 47% Subtotal 576 488 85% 281 49% Door-to-Door Mobilization Fassa 255 249 98% 199 78% Wolongotoba Socoro 372 342 92% 230 62% Wolongotoba Socoura 250 247 99% 232 93% Subtotal 877 838 96% 661 75% - TABLE 4 Operational Costs for Mobile-Messaging Mobilization for the Pilot Indoor Residual Spraying Campaign, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Description No. of People No. of Days Unit Cost (XOF) Total Cost (XOF) Total Cost (USD) Training Enumeration training 5 1 10,000.00 50,000.00 100.00 Food during training 12 1 3,500.00 42,000.00 84.00 Enumeration Data collection in the field 4 3 1,500.00 18,000.00 36.00 DTC supervision (per diem) 1 5 10,000.00 50,000.00 100.00 Data entry clerk 1 10 8,000.00 80,000.00 160.00 Operational Costs for TextIt/VOTO Mobilea Software services 1 - - 612.24 1.22 Mop-Up (revisiting unsprayed structures in all 3 villages) Spray operators 5 3 3,000.00 45,000.00 90.00 Team leader 1 3 3,500.00 10,500.00 21.00 Supervisor 1 3 5,000.00 15,000.00 30.00 DTC health official 1 3 5,000.00 15,000.00 30.00 GRAND TOTAL 326,112.24 652.22 Abbreviations: DTC, Health Center Technical Director; USD, U.S. Dollar; XOF, CFA Franc.
↵a These costs were estimated taking the overall costs associated with running the TextIt/VOTO Mobile applications and dividing it across all 735 villages in the project intervention areas that would be included in a full project roll out. This number was then multiplied by 3 to estimate the costs for the 3 treatment villages.
- TABLE 5 Cost of Sending Text and Voice Messages per Structure for the Pilot Indoor Residual Spraying Campaign, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Village No. of Structures Identifieda No. of Text Messages Sent No. of Voice Messages Sent Total Cost of Text and Voice Messages (USD)> Voice Recording Costs (USD) Cost of Messages per Structure (USD) Operational Cost per Structure (USD) Total Costb per Structure (USD) Tienfala Village (text only) 151 1,760 0 88.00 0.00 0.58 1.13 1.71 Tienfala Gare and Fougadougou (text + voice) 425 4,474 4,474 1,207.98 320.00 3.60 1.13 4.73 - TABLE 6 Costs of Door-to-Door Mobilization for the Pilot Indoor Residual Spraying Campaign, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Description No. of People or Units No. of Villages No. of Days Unit Cost (XOF) Total Cost (XOF) Total Cost (USD) FIXED COSTS Per diem for DTC for IEC TOT 1 3 3 1,071.43a 9,643 19.29 DTC accommodation 1 3 3 1,428.57 12,857 25.71 District coordinator 1 3 3 159.36b 1,434 2.87 Per diem for NMCP/DNACPN staff 3 3 3 159.36c 4,303 8.61 Abt staff for IEC TOT 1 3 3 646.03d 5,814 11.63 Meals 1 3 3 1,145.00 10,302 20.60 Logistics IEC TOT - car rental 1 3 3 874.83 7,873 15.75 Logistics IEC TOT - fuel 1 3 3 336.47 3,028 6.06 Venue hire 1 3 3 201.88 1,817 3.63 Communication fees (subscription) 1 3 423.96 1,272 2.54 Office supplies - - - - 25,000 50.00 Radio spots 600e 13.46 8,075 16.15 Subtotal 6,460.36 91,418 182.84 VARIABLE COSTS Mobilizer training costs 1 3 3 15,000.00 135,000 270.00 Mobilizer daily salary 1 3 10 1,500.00 45,000 90.00 Per diem for DTC supervision 1 3 1 10,000.00 30,000 60.00 Town crier 1 3 15 1,000.00 45,000 90.00 Subtotal 255,000 510.00 GRAND TOTAL 346,418 692.84 Abbreviations: DNACPN, Direction Nationale de l'Assainissement et du Contrôle des Pollutions et des Nuisances (National Directorate for Sanitation and Pollution Control); DTC, Health Center Technical Director; IEC, information, education, and communication; NMCP, National Malaria Control Program; TOT, training of trainers; USD, U.S. Dollar; XOF, CFA Franc.
↵a For DTC-related expenses, their unit costs were calculated by dividing the normal cost for 1 DTC supervisor by 14 villages. DTC personnel supervise 14 villages on average.
↵b The expenses for district coordinators were divided across all 251 villages in Koulikoro District.
↵c The NMCP/DNACPN staff covered the entirety of Koulikoro District; thus, their cost was divided by Koulikoro’s 251 villages.
↵d Total cost for the Abt staff, meals, car rental, fuel, venue hire, and radio spots were divided across all 735 in the project intervention areas in order to arrive at the unit costs listed.
↵e This number is based on 30 different radio spots that were broadcast over 20 different radio stations.
- TABLE 7 Cost per Structure Prepared for the Pilot Indoor Residual Spraying Campaign, Koulikoro District, Mali, May–September 2014
Village No. of Structures Targeted Mobilization Costs (USD) No. of Structures Prepared % Structures Prepared Cost per Structure Prepared (USD) Door-to-Door Mobilization Villages Fassa 255 201.45 199 78.04% 1.01 Wolongotoba Socoro 372 293.88 230 61.83% 1.28 Wolongotoba Socoura 250 197.50 232 92.80% 0.85 Mobile-Messaging Mobilization Villages Fougadougou 163 771.00 66 40.49% 11.68 Tienfala Gare 262 1,239.26 144 54.96% 8.61 Tienfala Village (text only) 151 258.21 71 47.02% 3.64
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Feasibility and Effectiveness of mHealth for Mobilizing Households for Indoor Residual Spraying to Prevent Malaria: A Case Study in Mali
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