Index by author
A
Abegunde, Dele
- Open AccessMapping the Prevalence and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Women Who Deliver Alone: Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys From 80 CountriesNosakhare Orobaton, Anne Austin, Bolaji Fapohunda, Dele Abegunde and Kizzy OmoGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):99-113; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00261
An estimated 2.2 million women surveyed in low- and middle-income countries between 2005 and 2015 gave birth alone. This practice was concentrated in West and Central Africa and parts of East Africa. Women who delivered with no one present were very poor, uneducated, older, and of higher parity. Experience from northern Nigeria suggests the practice can be reduced markedly by mobilizing religious and civil society leaders to improve community awareness about the critical importance of having an attendant present.
Adane, Girmay
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
Agarwal, Anjoo
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Ahmed, Ismael
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
Ali, Seid
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
Asnake, Mengistu
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
Austin, Anne
- Open AccessMapping the Prevalence and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Women Who Deliver Alone: Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys From 80 CountriesNosakhare Orobaton, Anne Austin, Bolaji Fapohunda, Dele Abegunde and Kizzy OmoGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):99-113; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00261
An estimated 2.2 million women surveyed in low- and middle-income countries between 2005 and 2015 gave birth alone. This practice was concentrated in West and Central Africa and parts of East Africa. Women who delivered with no one present were very poor, uneducated, older, and of higher parity. Experience from northern Nigeria suggests the practice can be reduced markedly by mobilizing religious and civil society leaders to improve community awareness about the critical importance of having an attendant present.
B
Banke, Kathryn
- Open AccessIs Household Wealth Associated With Use of Long-Acting Reversible and Permanent Methods of Contraception? A Multi-Country AnalysisJorge I Ugaz, Minki Chatterji, James N Gribble and Kathryn BankeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):43-54; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00234
In general, across the developing world, wealthier women are more likely than poorer women to use long-acting and permanent methods of contraception instead of short-acting methods. Exceptions are Bangladesh, India, and possibly Haiti.
Behl, Rasika
- Open AccessSimplified Asset Indices to Measure Wealth and Equity in Health Programs: A Reliability and Validity Analysis Using Survey Data From 16 CountriesNirali M Chakraborty, Kenzo Fry, Rasika Behl and Kim LongfieldGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):141-154; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00384
Many program implementers have difficulty collecting and analyzing data on program beneficiaries’ wealth because a large number of survey questions are required to construct the standard wealth index. We created country-specific measures of household wealth with as few as 6 questions that are highly reliable and valid in both urban and rural contexts.
Bhamrah, Renita
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Bingham, Allison
- Open AccessRole of Social Support in Improving Infant Feeding Practices in Western Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental StudyAltrena G Mukuria, Stephanie L Martin, Thaddeus Egondi, Allison Bingham and Faith M ThuitaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):55-72; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00197
Fathers and grandmothers who participated in separate nutrition dialogue groups supported mothers to improve infant feeding practices including dietary diversity, food consistency, and use of animal-source foods. Future studies should explore using a family-centered approach that engages mothers together with key household influencers.
Binkin, Nancy
- Open AccessMeasurement of Health Program Equity Made Easier: Validation of a Simplified Asset Index Using Program Data From Honduras and SenegalAlex Ergo, Julie Ritter, Davidson R Gwatkin and Nancy BinkinGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):155-164; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00385
Piggy-backing on an existing representative household survey that includes an asset index, it is possible to assess the socioeconomic distribution of program beneficiaries at low cost. The typically large number of questions used to construct the asset index, however, deters many implementers from adopting this approach. This study demonstrates that the number of questions can be significantly reduced to a subset that takes only a few minutes to administer without substantially altering findings or policy recommendations. The relevant subset is country-specific and thus necessitates tailored country questionnaires.
Blumenthal, Paul D
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Brooks, Mohamad I
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
C
Chakraborty, Nirali M
- Open AccessSimplified Asset Indices to Measure Wealth and Equity in Health Programs: A Reliability and Validity Analysis Using Survey Data From 16 CountriesNirali M Chakraborty, Kenzo Fry, Rasika Behl and Kim LongfieldGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):141-154; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00384
Many program implementers have difficulty collecting and analyzing data on program beneficiaries’ wealth because a large number of survey questions are required to construct the standard wealth index. We created country-specific measures of household wealth with as few as 6 questions that are highly reliable and valid in both urban and rural contexts.
Chatterji, Minki
- Open AccessIs Household Wealth Associated With Use of Long-Acting Reversible and Permanent Methods of Contraception? A Multi-Country AnalysisJorge I Ugaz, Minki Chatterji, James N Gribble and Kathryn BankeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):43-54; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00234
In general, across the developing world, wealthier women are more likely than poorer women to use long-acting and permanent methods of contraception instead of short-acting methods. Exceptions are Bangladesh, India, and possibly Haiti.
D
Das, Vinita
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Desalegn, Ketsela
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
Dewan, Rupali
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Dulli, Lisa S
- Open AccessMeeting Postpartum Women’s Family Planning Needs Through Integrated Family Planning and Immunization Services: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in RwandaLisa S Dulli, Marga Eichleay, Kate Rademacher, Steve Sortijas and Théophile NsengiyumvaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):73-86; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00291
Integrating contraceptive services into infant immunization services was effective, acceptable, and feasible without negatively affecting immunization uptake. Yet unmet need for contraception remained high, including among a substantial number of women who were waiting for menses to return even though, at 6 months or more postpartum, they were at risk of an unintended pregnancy. More effort is needed to educate women about postpartum return to fertility and to encourage those desiring to space or limit pregnancy to use effective contraception.
E
Egondi, Thaddeus
- Open AccessRole of Social Support in Improving Infant Feeding Practices in Western Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental StudyAltrena G Mukuria, Stephanie L Martin, Thaddeus Egondi, Allison Bingham and Faith M ThuitaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):55-72; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00197
Fathers and grandmothers who participated in separate nutrition dialogue groups supported mothers to improve infant feeding practices including dietary diversity, food consistency, and use of animal-source foods. Future studies should explore using a family-centered approach that engages mothers together with key household influencers.
Eichleay, Marga
- Open AccessMeeting Postpartum Women’s Family Planning Needs Through Integrated Family Planning and Immunization Services: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in RwandaLisa S Dulli, Marga Eichleay, Kate Rademacher, Steve Sortijas and Théophile NsengiyumvaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):73-86; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00291
Integrating contraceptive services into infant immunization services was effective, acceptable, and feasible without negatively affecting immunization uptake. Yet unmet need for contraception remained high, including among a substantial number of women who were waiting for menses to return even though, at 6 months or more postpartum, they were at risk of an unintended pregnancy. More effort is needed to educate women about postpartum return to fertility and to encourage those desiring to space or limit pregnancy to use effective contraception.
Eichler, Rena
- Open AccessResults-Based Financing in Mozambique’s Central Medical Store: A Review After 1 YearCary Spisak, Lindsay Morgan, Rena Eichler, James Rosen, Brian Serumaga and Angela WangGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):165-177; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00173
The RBF scheme, which paid incentives for verified results, steadily improved the CMS's performance over 1 year, particularly for supply and distribution planning. Key apparent success factors:
1) The CMS had full discretion over how to spend the funds
2) Payment was shared with and dependent on all staff, which encouraged teamwork.
3) Performance indicators were challenging yet achievable.
4) The quarterly payment cycle was frequent enough to be motivating.
Recommendations for future programs: focus on both quality and quantity indicators; strengthen results verification processes; and work toward institutionalizing the approach.
Ergo, Alex
- Open AccessMeasurement of Health Program Equity Made Easier: Validation of a Simplified Asset Index Using Program Data From Honduras and SenegalAlex Ergo, Julie Ritter, Davidson R Gwatkin and Nancy BinkinGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):155-164; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00385
Piggy-backing on an existing representative household survey that includes an asset index, it is possible to assess the socioeconomic distribution of program beneficiaries at low cost. The typically large number of questions used to construct the asset index, however, deters many implementers from adopting this approach. This study demonstrates that the number of questions can be significantly reduced to a subset that takes only a few minutes to administer without substantially altering findings or policy recommendations. The relevant subset is country-specific and thus necessitates tailored country questionnaires.
F
Fabic, Madeleine Short
- Open AccessFertility Awareness Methods: Distinctive Modern ContraceptivesShawn Malarcher, Jeff Spieler, Madeleine Short Fabic, Sandra Jordan, Ellen H Starbird and Clifton KenonGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):13-15; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00297
Fertility awareness methods—the Lactational Amenorrhea Method, the Standard Days Method, and the Two Day Method—are safe and effective, and they have important additional benefits that appeal to women and men. Including these modern contraceptives in the method mix expands contraceptive choice and helps women and men meet their reproductive intentions.
Fapohunda, Bolaji
- Open AccessMapping the Prevalence and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Women Who Deliver Alone: Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys From 80 CountriesNosakhare Orobaton, Anne Austin, Bolaji Fapohunda, Dele Abegunde and Kizzy OmoGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):99-113; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00261
An estimated 2.2 million women surveyed in low- and middle-income countries between 2005 and 2015 gave birth alone. This practice was concentrated in West and Central Africa and parts of East Africa. Women who delivered with no one present were very poor, uneducated, older, and of higher parity. Experience from northern Nigeria suggests the practice can be reduced markedly by mobilizing religious and civil society leaders to improve community awareness about the critical importance of having an attendant present.
Fry, Kenzo
- Open AccessSimplified Asset Indices to Measure Wealth and Equity in Health Programs: A Reliability and Validity Analysis Using Survey Data From 16 CountriesNirali M Chakraborty, Kenzo Fry, Rasika Behl and Kim LongfieldGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):141-154; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00384
Many program implementers have difficulty collecting and analyzing data on program beneficiaries’ wealth because a large number of survey questions are required to construct the standard wealth index. We created country-specific measures of household wealth with as few as 6 questions that are highly reliable and valid in both urban and rural contexts.
G
Gribble, James N
- Open AccessIs Household Wealth Associated With Use of Long-Acting Reversible and Permanent Methods of Contraception? A Multi-Country AnalysisJorge I Ugaz, Minki Chatterji, James N Gribble and Kathryn BankeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):43-54; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00234
In general, across the developing world, wealthier women are more likely than poorer women to use long-acting and permanent methods of contraception instead of short-acting methods. Exceptions are Bangladesh, India, and possibly Haiti.
Gwatkin, Davidson R
- Open AccessMeasurement of Health Program Equity Made Easier: Validation of a Simplified Asset Index Using Program Data From Honduras and SenegalAlex Ergo, Julie Ritter, Davidson R Gwatkin and Nancy BinkinGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):155-164; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00385
Piggy-backing on an existing representative household survey that includes an asset index, it is possible to assess the socioeconomic distribution of program beneficiaries at low cost. The typically large number of questions used to construct the asset index, however, deters many implementers from adopting this approach. This study demonstrates that the number of questions can be significantly reduced to a subset that takes only a few minutes to administer without substantially altering findings or policy recommendations. The relevant subset is country-specific and thus necessitates tailored country questionnaires.
H
Hagos, Kidest Lulu
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
Harvey, Phil
- Open AccessSocial Entrepreneurship: A Case Study From BrazilPhil HarveyGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):6-12; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00182
Through careful sourcing of commodities, cost-cutting efficiencies, and realistic pricing, 3 large contraceptive social marketing programs evolved into profit-making enterprises while continuing to make low-priced contraceptives available to low-income consumers on a substantial scale.
J
Jordan, Sandra
- Open AccessFertility Awareness Methods: Distinctive Modern ContraceptivesShawn Malarcher, Jeff Spieler, Madeleine Short Fabic, Sandra Jordan, Ellen H Starbird and Clifton KenonGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):13-15; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00297
Fertility awareness methods—the Lactational Amenorrhea Method, the Standard Days Method, and the Two Day Method—are safe and effective, and they have important additional benefits that appeal to women and men. Including these modern contraceptives in the method mix expands contraceptive choice and helps women and men meet their reproductive intentions.
K
Kassahun, Konjit
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
Kenon, Clifton
- Open AccessFertility Awareness Methods: Distinctive Modern ContraceptivesShawn Malarcher, Jeff Spieler, Madeleine Short Fabic, Sandra Jordan, Ellen H Starbird and Clifton KenonGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):13-15; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00297
Fertility awareness methods—the Lactational Amenorrhea Method, the Standard Days Method, and the Two Day Method—are safe and effective, and they have important additional benefits that appeal to women and men. Including these modern contraceptives in the method mix expands contraceptive choice and helps women and men meet their reproductive intentions.
L
Lerma, Klaira
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Lew, Candace
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
Longfield, Kim
- Open AccessSimplified Asset Indices to Measure Wealth and Equity in Health Programs: A Reliability and Validity Analysis Using Survey Data From 16 CountriesNirali M Chakraborty, Kenzo Fry, Rasika Behl and Kim LongfieldGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):141-154; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00384
Many program implementers have difficulty collecting and analyzing data on program beneficiaries’ wealth because a large number of survey questions are required to construct the standard wealth index. We created country-specific measures of household wealth with as few as 6 questions that are highly reliable and valid in both urban and rural contexts.
Lulu, Kidest
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
M
Malarcher, Shawn
- Open AccessFertility Awareness Methods: Distinctive Modern ContraceptivesShawn Malarcher, Jeff Spieler, Madeleine Short Fabic, Sandra Jordan, Ellen H Starbird and Clifton KenonGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):13-15; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00297
Fertility awareness methods—the Lactational Amenorrhea Method, the Standard Days Method, and the Two Day Method—are safe and effective, and they have important additional benefits that appeal to women and men. Including these modern contraceptives in the method mix expands contraceptive choice and helps women and men meet their reproductive intentions.
Martin, Stephanie L
- Open AccessRole of Social Support in Improving Infant Feeding Practices in Western Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental StudyAltrena G Mukuria, Stephanie L Martin, Thaddeus Egondi, Allison Bingham and Faith M ThuitaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):55-72; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00197
Fathers and grandmothers who participated in separate nutrition dialogue groups supported mothers to improve infant feeding practices including dietary diversity, food consistency, and use of animal-source foods. Future studies should explore using a family-centered approach that engages mothers together with key household influencers.
Mehta, Sarah
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
Mittal, Pratima
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Morgan, Lindsay
- Open AccessResults-Based Financing in Mozambique’s Central Medical Store: A Review After 1 YearCary Spisak, Lindsay Morgan, Rena Eichler, James Rosen, Brian Serumaga and Angela WangGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):165-177; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00173
The RBF scheme, which paid incentives for verified results, steadily improved the CMS's performance over 1 year, particularly for supply and distribution planning. Key apparent success factors:
1) The CMS had full discretion over how to spend the funds
2) Payment was shared with and dependent on all staff, which encouraged teamwork.
3) Performance indicators were challenging yet achievable.
4) The quarterly payment cycle was frequent enough to be motivating.
Recommendations for future programs: focus on both quality and quantity indicators; strengthen results verification processes; and work toward institutionalizing the approach.
Mukuria, Altrena G
- Open AccessRole of Social Support in Improving Infant Feeding Practices in Western Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental StudyAltrena G Mukuria, Stephanie L Martin, Thaddeus Egondi, Allison Bingham and Faith M ThuitaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):55-72; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00197
Fathers and grandmothers who participated in separate nutrition dialogue groups supported mothers to improve infant feeding practices including dietary diversity, food consistency, and use of animal-source foods. Future studies should explore using a family-centered approach that engages mothers together with key household influencers.
N
Nigatu, Tariku
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
Nsengiyumva, Théophile
- Open AccessMeeting Postpartum Women’s Family Planning Needs Through Integrated Family Planning and Immunization Services: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in RwandaLisa S Dulli, Marga Eichleay, Kate Rademacher, Steve Sortijas and Théophile NsengiyumvaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):73-86; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00291
Integrating contraceptive services into infant immunization services was effective, acceptable, and feasible without negatively affecting immunization uptake. Yet unmet need for contraception remained high, including among a substantial number of women who were waiting for menses to return even though, at 6 months or more postpartum, they were at risk of an unintended pregnancy. More effort is needed to educate women about postpartum return to fertility and to encourage those desiring to space or limit pregnancy to use effective contraception.
O
O’Connell, Meghan
- Open AccessRoutine Immunization Consultant Program in Nigeria: A Qualitative Review of a Country-Driven Management Approach for Health Systems StrengtheningMeghan O’Connell and Chizoba WonodiGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):29-42; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00209
Despite challenges in material and managerial support, some state-level consultants appear to have improved routine immunization programming through supportive supervision and capacity building of health facility staff as well as advocacy for timely dispersion of funds. This country-led, problem-focused model of development assistance deserves further consideration.
Omo, Kizzy
- Open AccessMapping the Prevalence and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Women Who Deliver Alone: Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys From 80 CountriesNosakhare Orobaton, Anne Austin, Bolaji Fapohunda, Dele Abegunde and Kizzy OmoGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):99-113; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00261
An estimated 2.2 million women surveyed in low- and middle-income countries between 2005 and 2015 gave birth alone. This practice was concentrated in West and Central Africa and parts of East Africa. Women who delivered with no one present were very poor, uneducated, older, and of higher parity. Experience from northern Nigeria suggests the practice can be reduced markedly by mobilizing religious and civil society leaders to improve community awareness about the critical importance of having an attendant present.
Orobaton, Nosakhare
- Open AccessMapping the Prevalence and Sociodemographic Characteristics of Women Who Deliver Alone: Evidence From Demographic and Health Surveys From 80 CountriesNosakhare Orobaton, Anne Austin, Bolaji Fapohunda, Dele Abegunde and Kizzy OmoGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):99-113; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00261
An estimated 2.2 million women surveyed in low- and middle-income countries between 2005 and 2015 gave birth alone. This practice was concentrated in West and Central Africa and parts of East Africa. Women who delivered with no one present were very poor, uneducated, older, and of higher parity. Experience from northern Nigeria suggests the practice can be reduced markedly by mobilizing religious and civil society leaders to improve community awareness about the critical importance of having an attendant present.
P
Perry, Henry
- Open AccessCasas Maternas in the Rural Highlands of Guatemala: A Mixed-Methods Case Study of the Introduction and Utilization of Birthing Facilities by an Indigenous PopulationIra Stollak, Mario Valdez, Karin Rivas and Henry PerryGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):114-131; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00266
In an isolated mountainous area of Guatemala with high maternal mortality, an NGO-sponsored approach engaged communities to operate local, culturally appropriate birthing facilities and is achieving high and equitable utilization. Likely success factors:
Community engagement and ownership
Close location of facilities
Perceived high quality of services
Engagement of traditional birth attendants in the birthing process and as advocates for facility use
Pullum, Thomas W
- Open AccessAbbreviating the Wealth Index to Measure Equity in Health Programs More EasilyThomas W PullumGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):4-5; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-16-00028
Efforts to simplify the construction of the DHS wealth index are encouraged (while recognizing it is constructed differently in each country), but attempts to assess equity in health programs should bear in mind that it is not sufficient to calculate the wealth index just for the participants in the program. The quintile distributions can vary dramatically within sub-populations. Assessments of equity require knowledge of the distribution of potential participants as well as actual participants.
R
Rademacher, Kate
- Open AccessMeeting Postpartum Women’s Family Planning Needs Through Integrated Family Planning and Immunization Services: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in RwandaLisa S Dulli, Marga Eichleay, Kate Rademacher, Steve Sortijas and Théophile NsengiyumvaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):73-86; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00291
Integrating contraceptive services into infant immunization services was effective, acceptable, and feasible without negatively affecting immunization uptake. Yet unmet need for contraception remained high, including among a substantial number of women who were waiting for menses to return even though, at 6 months or more postpartum, they were at risk of an unintended pregnancy. More effort is needed to educate women about postpartum return to fertility and to encourage those desiring to space or limit pregnancy to use effective contraception.
Ritter, Julie
- Open AccessMeasurement of Health Program Equity Made Easier: Validation of a Simplified Asset Index Using Program Data From Honduras and SenegalAlex Ergo, Julie Ritter, Davidson R Gwatkin and Nancy BinkinGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):155-164; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00385
Piggy-backing on an existing representative household survey that includes an asset index, it is possible to assess the socioeconomic distribution of program beneficiaries at low cost. The typically large number of questions used to construct the asset index, however, deters many implementers from adopting this approach. This study demonstrates that the number of questions can be significantly reduced to a subset that takes only a few minutes to administer without substantially altering findings or policy recommendations. The relevant subset is country-specific and thus necessitates tailored country questionnaires.
Rivas, Karin
- Open AccessCasas Maternas in the Rural Highlands of Guatemala: A Mixed-Methods Case Study of the Introduction and Utilization of Birthing Facilities by an Indigenous PopulationIra Stollak, Mario Valdez, Karin Rivas and Henry PerryGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):114-131; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00266
In an isolated mountainous area of Guatemala with high maternal mortality, an NGO-sponsored approach engaged communities to operate local, culturally appropriate birthing facilities and is achieving high and equitable utilization. Likely success factors:
Community engagement and ownership
Close location of facilities
Perceived high quality of services
Engagement of traditional birth attendants in the birthing process and as advocates for facility use
Rosen, James
- Open AccessResults-Based Financing in Mozambique’s Central Medical Store: A Review After 1 YearCary Spisak, Lindsay Morgan, Rena Eichler, James Rosen, Brian Serumaga and Angela WangGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):165-177; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00173
The RBF scheme, which paid incentives for verified results, steadily improved the CMS's performance over 1 year, particularly for supply and distribution planning. Key apparent success factors:
1) The CMS had full discretion over how to spend the funds
2) Payment was shared with and dependent on all staff, which encouraged teamwork.
3) Performance indicators were challenging yet achievable.
4) The quarterly payment cycle was frequent enough to be motivating.
Recommendations for future programs: focus on both quality and quantity indicators; strengthen results verification processes; and work toward institutionalizing the approach.
S
Salvador-Davila, Graciela
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
Serumaga, Brian
- Open AccessResults-Based Financing in Mozambique’s Central Medical Store: A Review After 1 YearCary Spisak, Lindsay Morgan, Rena Eichler, James Rosen, Brian Serumaga and Angela WangGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):165-177; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00173
The RBF scheme, which paid incentives for verified results, steadily improved the CMS's performance over 1 year, particularly for supply and distribution planning. Key apparent success factors:
1) The CMS had full discretion over how to spend the funds
2) Payment was shared with and dependent on all staff, which encouraged teamwork.
3) Performance indicators were challenging yet achievable.
4) The quarterly payment cycle was frequent enough to be motivating.
Recommendations for future programs: focus on both quality and quantity indicators; strengthen results verification processes; and work toward institutionalizing the approach.
Shiferaw, Netsanet
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
Singh, Sharad
- Open AccessA Dedicated Postpartum Intrauterine Device Inserter: Pilot Experience and Proof of ConceptSharad Singh, Vinita Das, Anjoo Agarwal, Rupali Dewan, Pratima Mittal, Renita Bhamrah, Klaira Lerma and Paul D BlumenthalGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):132-140; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00355
Use of the inserter was found to be safe, with high fundal placement in 82% of cases. Complete expulsion occurred in 7.5% of cases and partial expulsion was detected in 10%, comparable with rates in other studies using standard IUD insertion techniques. Further study and use of the dedicated inserter may reveal increased convenience and reduced risk of infection among users and could improve acceptability of postpartum IUD provision among providers.
Sortijas, Steve
- Open AccessMeeting Postpartum Women’s Family Planning Needs Through Integrated Family Planning and Immunization Services: Results of a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial in RwandaLisa S Dulli, Marga Eichleay, Kate Rademacher, Steve Sortijas and Théophile NsengiyumvaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):73-86; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00291
Integrating contraceptive services into infant immunization services was effective, acceptable, and feasible without negatively affecting immunization uptake. Yet unmet need for contraception remained high, including among a substantial number of women who were waiting for menses to return even though, at 6 months or more postpartum, they were at risk of an unintended pregnancy. More effort is needed to educate women about postpartum return to fertility and to encourage those desiring to space or limit pregnancy to use effective contraception.
Spieler, Jeff
- Open AccessFertility Awareness Methods: Distinctive Modern ContraceptivesShawn Malarcher, Jeff Spieler, Madeleine Short Fabic, Sandra Jordan, Ellen H Starbird and Clifton KenonGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):13-15; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00297
Fertility awareness methods—the Lactational Amenorrhea Method, the Standard Days Method, and the Two Day Method—are safe and effective, and they have important additional benefits that appeal to women and men. Including these modern contraceptives in the method mix expands contraceptive choice and helps women and men meet their reproductive intentions.
Spisak, Cary
- Open AccessResults-Based Financing in Mozambique’s Central Medical Store: A Review After 1 YearCary Spisak, Lindsay Morgan, Rena Eichler, James Rosen, Brian Serumaga and Angela WangGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):165-177; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00173
The RBF scheme, which paid incentives for verified results, steadily improved the CMS's performance over 1 year, particularly for supply and distribution planning. Key apparent success factors:
1) The CMS had full discretion over how to spend the funds
2) Payment was shared with and dependent on all staff, which encouraged teamwork.
3) Performance indicators were challenging yet achievable.
4) The quarterly payment cycle was frequent enough to be motivating.
Recommendations for future programs: focus on both quality and quantity indicators; strengthen results verification processes; and work toward institutionalizing the approach.
Starbird, Ellen H
- Open AccessFertility Awareness Methods: Distinctive Modern ContraceptivesShawn Malarcher, Jeff Spieler, Madeleine Short Fabic, Sandra Jordan, Ellen H Starbird and Clifton KenonGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):13-15; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00297
Fertility awareness methods—the Lactational Amenorrhea Method, the Standard Days Method, and the Two Day Method—are safe and effective, and they have important additional benefits that appeal to women and men. Including these modern contraceptives in the method mix expands contraceptive choice and helps women and men meet their reproductive intentions.
Stollak, Ira
- Open AccessCasas Maternas in the Rural Highlands of Guatemala: A Mixed-Methods Case Study of the Introduction and Utilization of Birthing Facilities by an Indigenous PopulationIra Stollak, Mario Valdez, Karin Rivas and Henry PerryGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):114-131; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00266
In an isolated mountainous area of Guatemala with high maternal mortality, an NGO-sponsored approach engaged communities to operate local, culturally appropriate birthing facilities and is achieving high and equitable utilization. Likely success factors:
Community engagement and ownership
Close location of facilities
Perceived high quality of services
Engagement of traditional birth attendants in the birthing process and as advocates for facility use
T
Tasissa, Adeba
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
Thuita, Faith M
- Open AccessRole of Social Support in Improving Infant Feeding Practices in Western Kenya: A Quasi-Experimental StudyAltrena G Mukuria, Stephanie L Martin, Thaddeus Egondi, Allison Bingham and Faith M ThuitaGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):55-72; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00197
Fathers and grandmothers who participated in separate nutrition dialogue groups supported mothers to improve infant feeding practices including dietary diversity, food consistency, and use of animal-source foods. Future studies should explore using a family-centered approach that engages mothers together with key household influencers.
Tilahun, Yewondwossen
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
U
Ugaz, Jorge I
- Open AccessIs Household Wealth Associated With Use of Long-Acting Reversible and Permanent Methods of Contraception? A Multi-Country AnalysisJorge I Ugaz, Minki Chatterji, James N Gribble and Kathryn BankeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):43-54; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00234
In general, across the developing world, wealthier women are more likely than poorer women to use long-acting and permanent methods of contraception instead of short-acting methods. Exceptions are Bangladesh, India, and possibly Haiti.
V
Valdez, Mario
- Open AccessCasas Maternas in the Rural Highlands of Guatemala: A Mixed-Methods Case Study of the Introduction and Utilization of Birthing Facilities by an Indigenous PopulationIra Stollak, Mario Valdez, Karin Rivas and Henry PerryGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):114-131; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00266
In an isolated mountainous area of Guatemala with high maternal mortality, an NGO-sponsored approach engaged communities to operate local, culturally appropriate birthing facilities and is achieving high and equitable utilization. Likely success factors:
Community engagement and ownership
Close location of facilities
Perceived high quality of services
Engagement of traditional birth attendants in the birthing process and as advocates for facility use
W
Wang, Angela
- Open AccessResults-Based Financing in Mozambique’s Central Medical Store: A Review After 1 YearCary Spisak, Lindsay Morgan, Rena Eichler, James Rosen, Brian Serumaga and Angela WangGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):165-177; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00173
The RBF scheme, which paid incentives for verified results, steadily improved the CMS's performance over 1 year, particularly for supply and distribution planning. Key apparent success factors:
1) The CMS had full discretion over how to spend the funds
2) Payment was shared with and dependent on all staff, which encouraged teamwork.
3) Performance indicators were challenging yet achievable.
4) The quarterly payment cycle was frequent enough to be motivating.
Recommendations for future programs: focus on both quality and quantity indicators; strengthen results verification processes; and work toward institutionalizing the approach.
Weldegebreal, Teklu
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
Wonodi, Chizoba
- Open AccessRoutine Immunization Consultant Program in Nigeria: A Qualitative Review of a Country-Driven Management Approach for Health Systems StrengtheningMeghan O’Connell and Chizoba WonodiGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):29-42; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00209
Despite challenges in material and managerial support, some state-level consultants appear to have improved routine immunization programming through supportive supervision and capacity building of health facility staff as well as advocacy for timely dispersion of funds. This country-led, problem-focused model of development assistance deserves further consideration.
Z
Zerihun, Habtamu
- Open AccessExpanding Access to the Intrauterine Device in Public Health Facilities in Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods StudyYewondwossen Tilahun, Sarah Mehta, Habtamu Zerihun, Candace Lew, Mohamad I Brooks, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu Hagos, Mengistu Asnake, Adeba Tasissa, Seid Ali, Ketsela Desalegn and Girmay AdaneGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):16-28; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00365
Following the introduction of IUDs into the Ethiopian public health sector, use of the method increased from <1% in 2011 to 6% in 2014 in a sample of 40 health facilities. This shift occurred in the context of wide method choice, following provider training, provision of post-training supplies, and community-based awareness creation. The IUD was acceptable to a diverse range of clients, including new contraceptive users, those with little to no education, those from rural areas, and younger women, thus suggesting a strong latent demand for IUDs in Ethiopia.
- Open AccessThe Single-Visit Approach as a Cervical Cancer Prevention Strategy Among Women With HIV in Ethiopia: Successes and Lessons LearnedNetsanet Shiferaw, Graciela Salvador-Davila, Konjit Kassahun, Mohamad I Brooks, Teklu Weldegebreal, Yewondwossen Tilahun, Habtamu Zerihun, Tariku Nigatu, Kidest Lulu, Ismael Ahmed, Paul D Blumenthal and Mengistu AsnakeGlobal Health: Science and Practice March 2016, 4(1):87-98; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00325
With the single-visit approach for cervical cancer prevention, women with positive “visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid wash” (VIA) test results receive immediate treatment of the precancerous lesion with cryotherapy. The approach worked successfully for women with HIV in Ethiopia in secondary and tertiary health facilities, with high screening and cryotherapy treatment rates. Sustainability and appropriate scale-up of such programs must address wider health system challenges including human resource constraints and shortage of essential supplies.
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