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FIELD ACTION REPORT
Open Access

Successful mLearning Pilot in Senegal: Delivering Family Planning Refresher Training Using Interactive Voice Response and SMS

Abdoulaye Diedhiou, Kate E Gilroy, Carie Muntifering Cox, Luke Duncan, Djimadoum Koumtingue, Sara Pacqué-Margolis, Alfredo Fort, Dykki Settle and Rebecca Bailey
Global Health: Science and Practice June 2015, 3(2):305-321; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220
Abdoulaye Diedhiou
aIntraHealth International Senegal, Dakar, Senegal.
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Kate E Gilroy
bIntraHealth International, , USA
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Carie Muntifering Cox
cSt. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
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Luke Duncan
bIntraHealth International, , USA
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Djimadoum Koumtingue
aIntraHealth International Senegal, Dakar, Senegal.
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Sara Pacqué-Margolis
dUniversity Research Company, LLC, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Alfredo Fort
bIntraHealth International, , USA
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Dykki Settle
bIntraHealth International, , USA
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Rebecca Bailey
bIntraHealth International, , USA
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  • FIGURE 1.
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    FIGURE 1.

    Overview of Interactive Voice Response mLearning Training System

  • FIGURE 2.
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    FIGURE 2.

    Interactive Voice Response mLearning System Infrastructure

  • FIGURE 3.
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    FIGURE 3.

    Timing of Interactive Voice Response Calls Throughout Duration of the mLearning Training Course, Senegal 2013 (N = 619 Calls)

  • FIGURE 4.
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    FIGURE 4.

    Participants’ Reported Likes and Dislikesa About Using Mobile Phones in the mLearning Training Course, Senegal 2013 (N = 20)

    Abbreviation: IVR, interactive voice response. aParticipants could provide multiple responses for likes and dislikes. No participants responded that the mobile course was difficult to use or too long to complete.

  • FIGURE 5.
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    FIGURE 5.

    Participants’ Ratings of the mLearning Training Course Content, Senegal 2013 (N = 20)a

    aNumber shown on bars represents the number of participants providing that rating. No participants “strongly disagreed” with any of these statements.

  • FIGURE 6.
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    FIGURE 6.

    Average Number of Questionsa Answered Correctly Before (March 2013) and After (April 2013 and February 2014) the mLearning Training Course, Senegal 2013 (N=20)

    a Total of 20 questions related to contraceptive side effects and misconceptions. Statistical significance (P values) calculated using Wilcoxon signed‐rank test comparing each post‐test to the pre‐test.

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    TABLE 1. Characteristics of mLearning Participants, Senegal 2013 (N = 20)
    CharacteristicNo. (%)
    Diploma/post
     Midwife7 (35)
     Nurse6 (30)
     Nursing assistant5 (25)
     Health agent2 (10)
    Age group, years
     30–349 (45)
     35–445 (25)
     45–566 (30)
    Sex
     Male11 (55)
     Female9 (45)
    Type of facility
     Health post18 (90)
     District hospital2 (10)
    Facility location
     Urban7 (35)
     Rural13 (65)
    Frequency of provision of family planning servicesa
     Multiple times a day15 (75)
     Once a day3 (15)
     Once a week2 (10)
    Contraceptive method most often requested by clientsa
     Injectable contraceptives17 (85)
     Contraceptive pills3 (15)
    Personal mobile phone used for the courseb 20 (100)
    Previously used mobile phone for any work-related activity20 (100)
     Referred a patient16 (80)
     Requested stock13 (65)
     Received work-related information/guidance11 (55)
     Submitted data to the Ministry of Health or other stakeholders7 (35)
     Scheduled work hours4 (20)
     Training2 (10)
     Other5 (25)
    • ↵a As reported by provider.

    • ↵b Four participants shared their phone with someone else, although only one reported that it made it difficult at times to complete the course.

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    TABLE 2. Participants’ Reported Experiences With Receipt of IVR mLearning System Calls, Senegal 2013 (N = 20)
    Experiences No. (%)
    Received text message prompt from the system every day15 (75)
    Frequency of receiving IVR call after texting the system as ready
     Always (100% of the time)13 (65)
     Frequently (75% of the time)5 (25)
     Sometimes (50% of the time)2 (10)
    Average time to receiving IVR call after texting the system
     Less than 15 minutes16 (80)
     Between 15 and 30 minutes4 (20)
     More than 30 minutes0 (0)
    Frequency of dropped IVR calls
     Never14 (70)
     Infrequently (1–4 times)4 (20)
     Sometimes (5–9 times)2 (10)
    Ability to receive training questions
     Always able to receive9 (45)
     Infrequently unable to receive (1–4 times)a 8 (40)
     Sometimes unable to receive (5–9 times)a 3 (15)
    IVR voice recording was easy to understand20 (100)
    • ↵a Reasons for infrequently or sometimes not receiving training questions (number of respondents): poor reception (5); no call from system (4); issues with phone number, airtime, or phone charge (3); and inability to hear audio (1).

    • View popup
    TABLE 3. Participants’ Opinions About Using Mobile Phones for Training, Senegal 2013 (N = 20)
    No. (%)
    Overall experience
     Very good13 (65)
     Good7 (35)
     Neutral/bad/very bad0 (0)
    Ease of using a mobile phone to complete training course
     Very easy8 (40)
     Easy10 (50)
     Difficult2 (10)
    Amount of learning on mobile phone vs. in-person course
     Learned more12 (60)
     Learned the same6 (30)
     Learned less2 (10)
    Would like to take another course on mobile phone20 (100)
    • View popup
    TABLE 4. Participants’ Preferences for IVR mLearning System, Senegal 2013 (N = 20)
    PreferencesNo. (%)
    Preferred frequency of prompt texts
     More than once a day6 (30)
     Once a day* 13 (65)
     Every 2–3 days1 (5)
    20 questions included in the course was:
     Too many1 (5)
     Right amount10 (50)
     Too few9 (45)
    Preferred maximum number of questions to answer per day
     1–23 (15)
     3–4* 13 (65)
     5–94 (20)
    Preferred number of times question must be answered correctly before being retired
     More than 2 times6 (30)
     Two times* 12 (60)
     Only once2 (10)
    Amount of information in the explanations was:
     Too much9 (45)
     Right amount11 (55)
     Too little0 (0)
    Course duration of 8 weeks was:
     Too long11 (55)
     Right amount9 (45)
     Too short0 (0)
    • ↵* Asterisked items indicate the frequency or amount used in the pilot mLearning course.

Additional Files

  • Figures
  • Tables
  • GHSP-D-14-00220 Supplementary Material

    Diedhiou et al. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220

    • Supplementary Material - Diedhiou et al. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220
    • Supplementary Material - Diedhiou et al. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220
    • Supplementary Material - Diedhiou et al. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220
    • Supplementary Material - Diedhiou et al. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220
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Global Health: Science and Practice: 3 (2)
Global Health: Science and Practice
Vol. 3, No. 2
June 01, 2015
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Successful mLearning Pilot in Senegal: Delivering Family Planning Refresher Training Using Interactive Voice Response and SMS
Abdoulaye Diedhiou, Kate E Gilroy, Carie Muntifering Cox, Luke Duncan, Djimadoum Koumtingue, Sara Pacqué-Margolis, Alfredo Fort, Dykki Settle, Rebecca Bailey
Global Health: Science and Practice Jun 2015, 3 (2) 305-321; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220

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Successful mLearning Pilot in Senegal: Delivering Family Planning Refresher Training Using Interactive Voice Response and SMS
Abdoulaye Diedhiou, Kate E Gilroy, Carie Muntifering Cox, Luke Duncan, Djimadoum Koumtingue, Sara Pacqué-Margolis, Alfredo Fort, Dykki Settle, Rebecca Bailey
Global Health: Science and Practice Jun 2015, 3 (2) 305-321; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00220
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Subjects

  • Health Topics
    • Family Planning and Reproductive Health
  • Cross-Cutting Topics
    • Digital Health
US AIDJohns Hopkins Center for Communication ProgramsUniversity of Alberta

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