Figures & Tables
Figures
- FIGURE 1.
Components of Demand Generation for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC)
- FIGURE 2.
Behavior Change Continuum for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC), Based on Insights from VMMC Program in Zimbabwe
Key: +, motivators; –, barriers.
- FIGURE 3.
User‐Centric Behavioral Framework for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision
- FIGURE 4.
Addressing Barriers to Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision in Kenya: An Evidence-Based, 360°, Well-Coordinated, Evolving Approach
- FIGURE 5.
Identifying the “Interest Deficit” for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC)
- FIGURE 6.
The “Interest Deficit” for Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision (VMMC) in Selected VMMC Priority Countries of Eastern and Southern Africa
Data (and age range) based on country studies: Tanzania (ages 18–44),79 Kenya (ages 15–49),80 South Africa (ages 15–49),81 Rwanda (ages 15–59),82 Uganda (ages 18–80),83 Swaziland (ages 15–29),84 Malawi (ages 15 and older),85 Namibia (ages 15–29),84 Botswana (ages 15–29),84 Zambia (ages 15–59).86
Tables
Country and Name/Description of Intervention Types of Interventions Implementing Partner Brief Description KENYA Demand creation toolkit Research, messaging, social mobilization, IPC Impact Research and Development Organization (IRDO) Tool to assist social mobilizers to communicate consistent messages during IPC Journalism training Media Internews Training journalists to report accurately and impartially on VMMC MCC coordination Coordination National AIDS & STI Control Programme (NASCOP) National and provincial coordination MALAWI BRIDGE II project Social mobilization, IPC, engaging traditional leaders and female partners, coordination, messaging incentives Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs (CCP) Combining low- and high-intensity efforts at behavior change, balancing supply and demand, and reaching female partners Lilongwe district scale-up Social mobilization, media, IPC, engaging traditional leaders and female partners, coordination International Training & Education Center for Health (I-TECH) Using satisfied VMMC clients as community mobilizers and training women to reach other women SOUTH AFRICA Brothers for Life Social mobilization, IPC, media, ICT, messaging Johns Hopkins Health and Education in South Africa (JHHESA) Award-winning multipronged and adaptable marketing and awareness campaign involving print media, TV, billboards, community outreach projects, canvassing, education, and information CareWorks Social mobilization, IPC, ICT, incentives payment CareWorks Workplace programs and a call center to move potential clients from contemplation to action Centre for HIV and AIDS Prevention Studies (CHAPS) Social mobilization, IPC, research, incentives and performance-based payment CHAPS Record numbers of VMMCs performed, perpetual research, reflection and revision of strategy, tight feedback loop with mobilizers, collective incentive structure translated into highly motivated staff New Start Social mobilization, engaging traditional leaders, messaging, research, media Society for Family Health (SFH) Use of the DELTA process to design demand creation interventions and pretesting of all materials Soul City Research, messaging, media Soul City Insertion of VMMC storylines into long-running TV series TANZANIA Champion project Social mobilization, IPC, engaging female partners, media EngenderHealth Beyond HIV messaging, engendering long-term commitment of social mobilizers Community mobilization and GIS technology Social mobilization, IPC, media, engaging female partners, research, advocacy, IPC Jhpiego Community mobilization for older men, use of SMS and GIS technology Community mobilization and SMS technology Social mobilization, IPC, ICT IntraHealth and Tanzania Youth Alliance (TAYOA) Innovative approach combining SMS technology with popular-opinion leaders at grassroots level to create tailored strategy for reaching older men, adaptation of IEC materials to suit local communities Printed materials and radio spots Media and messaging CCP Printed materials and radio spots UGANDA AMAKA (Adult Male Medical Circumcision in Kampala) Social mobilization, research Infectious Diseases Institute Use of existing community resources and structures for demand creation Be the Pride of Your Tribe campaign Social mobilization, advocacy, research STAR-E VMMC campaign in traditionally circumcising communities Makerere University Walter Reed Project Social mobilization, advocacy, media, IPC, research US Military HIV Research Programme Use of cross-country learning to create VMMC demand and meet VMMC need Stand Proud, Get Circumcised campaign Research, messaging, social mobilization Health Communication Partnership (HCP) Use of research to inform communication strategy development and implementation, national tools with standardized branding and information to ensure consistency and recognition of VMMC but which can also be tailored to specific communities and contexts Stylish Man campaign Research, media, messaging, IPC Rakai Health Sciences Program Demedicalizing demand creation for VMMC ZAMBIA Community mobilization Social mobilization, IPC, media, engaging female partners Marie Stopes International Community mobilization, health counselor training, and local media Community mobilization and campaigns Social mobilization, research, ICT Society for Family Health Community mobilization through existing volunteer structures, mobile clinical outreach, client voucher/feedback system to disaggregate effective elements of demand creation, and toll-free family planning help lines incorporate VMMC Mini campaigns and training Social mobilization. IPC, media, advocacy Jhpiego Close linking of demand creation activities with supply, including mini campaigns to marry the two and emphasis on a positive client experience National MC Month and technical working group Mass media communication, advocacy, engaging tribal leaders, community mobilization, IPC National technical working group National and district-level coordination, advocacy by traditional leaders and public officials, thrice yearly MC drives and engagement with health workers Safe Love campaign Research, media, messaging, IPC, ICT, community mobilization Communications Support for Health Innovative multiplatform, multi-format content, use of SMS to move from contemplation to action U Report SMS pilot ICT, advocacy, community mobilization, IPC United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) SMS pilot for VMMC demand creation among adolescents and young adults ZIMBABWE Identifying optimal messaging Research, messaging Battelle Health and Analytics Qualitative and quantitative research to establish optimal messages to promote demand for VMMC SMART campaign Messaging, media, social mobilization, IPC Population Services International (PSI) Research-led message development for “SMART” campaign, management of social mobilization Abbreviations: GIS, geographic information system; ICT, information and communications technology; IEC, information, education, and communication; IPC, interpersonal communication; MC, male circumcision; SMS, short message service (text message); VMMC, voluntary medical male circumcision.
GHSP-D-15-00020 Supplementary Material
Sgaier et al. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00020
- Supplementary Material - Sgaier et al. doi: 10.9745/GHSP-D-15-00020
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