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Open Access

Engaging Communities With a Simple Tool to Help Increase Immunization Coverage

Manish Jain, Gunjan Taneja, Ruhul Amin, Robert Steinglass and Michael Favin
Global Health: Science and Practice March 2015, 3(1):117-125; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00180
Manish Jain
aMaternal and Child Integrated Program (MCHIP)/India. Now with India Health Action Trust/Technical Support Unit, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gunjan Taneja
bMCHIP/India. Now with IPE Global, Jharkhand, India
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Ruhul Amin
cMCHIP/Timor-Leste. Now with LuxDev, Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic
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Robert Steinglass
dMCHIP. Now with the Maternal and Child Survival Project and John Snow, Inc, Washington DC,, USA
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Michael Favin
eMCHIP. Now with the Maternal and Child Survival Project and The Manoff Group, Washington DC, USA
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  • For correspondence: mfavin@manoffgroup.com
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    Figure 1.

    Community-Based Tool to Monitor Immunization Coverage: Uma Imunizasaun in Timor-Leste (left) and “My Village Is My Home” in India (right)

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    A health worker in India uses the “My Village Is My Home” tool at a vaccination session.

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    Health workers in Timor-Leste explain the Uma Imunizasaun tool to caregivers.

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    Figure 2.

    Revised MVMH Tool in India

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    Table 1. Timor-Leste Immunization Schedule
    VaccinesWhen To GiveDo NOT Give
    OPV 0From birth to 2 weeks of ageAfter the first 2 weeks of age
    BCGAs soon as possible after birthAfter reaching 12 months of age
    OPV 1/ Penta 1aAs soon as possible after 6 weeks of ageBefore 6 weeks of age or after reaching 2 years of age
    OPV 2/ Penta 2As soon as possible after 10 weeks of ageAnd at least 4 weeks after dose 1Before 10 weeks of age or after reaching 2 years of age
    OPV 3/ Penta 3As soon as possible after 14 weeks of ageAnd at least 4 weeks after dose 2Before 14 weeks of age or after reaching 2 years of age
    MeaslesAs soon as possible after reaching 9 months (39 weeks) of ageBefore 9 months (39 weeks) of age
    • Abbreviations: BCG, bacille Calmette-Guérin; OPV, oral polio vaccine; Penta, pentavalent.

    • ↵a Pentavalent vaccine in Timor-Leste protects against diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib).

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    Table 2. Vaccination Coverage Rates During Use of the “My Home Is My Village” Tool, Jharkhand, India, April 2012–March 2013
    AntigensNo. of Children EligibleNo. of Children VaccinatedVaccination Coverage
    BCG45543796.0%
    OPV 144541793.7%
    OPV 241036188.0%
    OPV 337730681.2%
    DTP 144542194.6%
    DTP 241036789.5%
    DTP 337731383.0%
    Hep B 144541893.9%
    Hep B 241036288.3%
    Hep B 337731182.5%
    Measles12810481.3%
    • Abbreviations: BCG, bacille Calmette-Guérin; DTP, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis; Hep B, hepatitis B; OPV, oral polio vaccine.

    • View popup
    Table 3. Vaccination Coverage Rates Before (April 2011–July 2012) and During (August 2012–July 2013) Introduction of the “My Home Is My Village” Tool, Uttar Pradesh, India
    VaccinePre-Intervention Cohort (N = 565)Intervention Cohorta (N = 868)
    No. of Children EligibleNo. of Children VaccinatedVaccination CoverageNo. of Children EligibleNo. of Children VaccinatedVaccination Coverage
    BCG56546582.3%86876888.5%
    OPV 056530654.2%86851058.8%
    DTP 150642383.6%86874786.1%
    DTP 344430668.9%84861172.1%
    Measles28020071.4%64243067.0%
    • Abbreviations: BCG, bacille Calmette-Guérin; DTP, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis; OPV, oral polio vaccine.

    • ↵a Includes children from the pre-intervention cohort plus new children born during the intervention period.

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    Table 4. Coverage and Timeliness of Vaccination Before (2011) and During (2012) Introduction of the UI Tool, 3 Villages of Timor-Leste
    BCGPenta 1Penta 3Measles
    Before (N = 155)During (N = 236)Before (N = 155)During (N = 236)Before (N = 155)During (N = 236)Before (N = 155)During (N = 236)
    Eligible to receive antigen, n (%)155 (100)236 (100)155 (100)236 (100)155 (100)236 (100)147 (95)194 (82)
    Received antigen, n (%)154 (99)232 (98)152 (98)218 (92)147 (95)184 (78)137 (93)110 (57)
    Age at vaccination, mean, days for BCG, weeks for all others352412924214441
    Vaccinated within recommended age range,a n (%)57 (37)104 (45)62 (41)111 (51)43 (29)50 (27)104 (76)89 (81)
    Vaccinated too early, n (%)--17 (11)46 (21)4 (3)6 (3)19 (14)18 (16)
    • Abbreviations: BCG, bacille Calmette-Guérin; Penta, pentavalent; UI, Uma Imunizasaun.

    • ↵a For BCG, data refer to those vaccinated between 0–13 days.

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Global Health: Science and Practice: 3 (1)
Global Health: Science and Practice
Vol. 3, No. 1
March 01, 2015
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Engaging Communities With a Simple Tool to Help Increase Immunization Coverage
Manish Jain, Gunjan Taneja, Ruhul Amin, Robert Steinglass, Michael Favin
Global Health: Science and Practice Mar 2015, 3 (1) 117-125; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00180

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Engaging Communities With a Simple Tool to Help Increase Immunization Coverage
Manish Jain, Gunjan Taneja, Ruhul Amin, Robert Steinglass, Michael Favin
Global Health: Science and Practice Mar 2015, 3 (1) 117-125; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-14-00180
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