Figures & Tables
Tables
Characteristics Age, y, n (%) 13–17 517 (23.0) 18–25 1,137 (50.7) 26–35 440 (19.6) 36–54 150 (6.7) Age, y, mean (SD) 22.7 (7.4) Ethnic group, n (%) Luo 2,191 (97.6) Other 53 (2.4) Religion, n (%) Christian 2,151 (95.9) Muslim 18 (0.8) Other 75 (3.3) Marital status, n (%) Single 1,618 (72.1) Married or living with partner 606 (27.0) Unknown 20 (0.9) Education, n (%) No secondary education 656 (29.2) At least some secondary education 1,588 (70.8) Employment status, n (%) Unemployed 401 (17.8) Student 950 (42.4) Employed 883 (39.3) Unknown 10 (0.4) Distance to clinic, km, mean (SD) 5.5 (6.5) Mode of transportation to clinic, n (%) Walking 1,274 (57.7) Car or bus 389 (17.6) Motorcycle or bicycle 482 (21.8) Other/unknown 99 (4.4) HIV positive,a n (%) Self 131 (5.8) Partner (primary or other) 57 (2.5) Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation.
↵a Self-reported by participants.
- TABLE 2. Adverse Events at 7 Days and 60 Days Post-Circumcision, by Type of Provider and Severity
7 days 60 days Adverse Event Clinical Officer Nurse Total Clinical Officer Nurse Total (n = 807) (n = 1384) (n = 2191) (n = 694) (n = 1151) (n = 1845) Any moderate or severe AE 15 (1.9) 29 (2.1) 44 (2.0) 2 (0.29) 1 (0.09) 3 (0.16) Pain Moderate … … … … 1 (0.07) 1 (0.05) Severe 1 (0.12) 1 (0.07) 2 (0.09) … … … Infection Moderate … 4 (0.29) 4 (0.18) … … … Severe … … … … … … Excess swelling Moderate 8 (0.99) 15 (1.1) 23 (1.1) … … … Severe … … … … … … Bleeding Moderate 1 (0.12) … 1 (0.05) … … … Severe … … … … … … Problems with appearance Moderate 2 (0.25) 5 (0.36) 7 (0.32) 1 (0.12) … 1 (0.05) Severe … … … … … … Hematoma Moderate 2 (0.25) 1 (0.07) 3 (0.14) … … … Severe … … … … … … Delayed wound healing Moderate … 3 (0.22) 3 (0.14) … … … Severe … … … … … … Injury to penis Moderate … … … 1 (0.12) … 1 (0.05) Severe … … … … … … Insufficient skin removed Moderate 1 (0.12) … 1 (0.05) … … … Severe … … … … … … Abbreviations: AE, adverse event.
Data are shown as n (%).
No. of AEs/Total Unadjusted ORa (95% CI) Adjusted ORb (95% CI) Provider Characteristics Sex Male 30/1833 Reference … Female 4/358 1.03 (0.40, 2.65) … Cadre Clinical officer 13/807 Reference … Nurse 21/1384 1.04 (0.42, 2.60) … Professional experience, y < 6 21/808 Reference … ≥ 6 13/1383 0.45 (0.17, 1.17) 0.39c (0.17, 0.89) Procedure duration, min < 19 3/526 0.22 (0.01, 5.9) … 19–23 13/689 0.77 (0.36, 1.63) … > 23 18/961 Reference … No. of procedures conducted during the study < 100 14/554 Reference … ≥100 20/1637 0.64 (0.31, 1.32) … Client Characteristics Age, y 13–17 2/505 Reference … 18–54 32/1686 5.59 (1.48, 21.1) 3.75c (1.92, 7.33) Education No secondary education 13/626 Reference … At least some secondary education 21/1550 0.63 (0.35, 1.12) 0.61 (0.34,1.11) Employment status Unemployed 4/395 Reference … Employed 21/867 1.27 (0.86, 1.89) 2.41c (1.06, 5.51) Student 9/919 0.65 (0.43, 0.97) 1.34 (0.76, 2.53) Marital status Single 22/1572 Reference … Married or living with partner 12/599 1.38 (0.52 3.62) … Distance traveled, km ≤ 5 16/1143 Reference … > 5 7/491 1.05 (0.46, 2.38) … Mode of transportation to the facility Walking 12/1246 Reference … Car or bus 10/379 2.66 (0.98, 7.2) 2.52 (0.94, 6.72) Motorcycle or bicycle 9/474 1.99 (0.86, 4.59) 1.56 (0.78, 3.12) Other 1/56 2.38 (0.62, 9.11) 1.56 (0.37, 6.54) HIV status Negative 26/1775 Reference … Positive 4/130 2.09 (0.65, 6.65) …
