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PROGRAM CASE STUDY
Open Access

Achieving COVID-19 and Routine Immunization Data Systems Integration on the Electronic Management of Immunization Data System in Nigeria

Temitayo Tella-Lah, Dayo Akinleye, Abdulmumuni Samuel Aliyu, Tope Falodun, Stephanie Okpere, David Akpan, Olayinka Orefunwa, Loveth Metiboba, Judith Owoicho, Bassey Okposen and Amaka Nwabufo
Global Health: Science and Practice February 2024, 12(Supplement 1):e2300149; https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00149
Temitayo Tella-Lah
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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  • For correspondence: temitayo.tella-lah{at}ehealthafrica.org
Dayo Akinleye
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Abdulmumuni Samuel Aliyu
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Tope Falodun
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Stephanie Okpere
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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David Akpan
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Olayinka Orefunwa
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Loveth Metiboba
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Judith Owoicho
aeHealth Africa, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Bassey Okposen
bNational Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Amaka Nwabufo
bNational Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria.
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Figures & Tables

Figures

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  • FIGURE 1
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    FIGURE 1

    Four Key Phases of the Electronic Management of Immunization Data System Optimization Process

  • FIGURE 2
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    FIGURE 2

    Map of Selected States in Nigeria Where In-Person Interviews Were Conducted During the Requirements Gathering Phase

  • FIGURE 3
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    FIGURE 3

    Electronic Management of Immunization Data System Baseline Architecture

    Abbreviations: API, application programming interface; SMS, short message service.

  • FIGURE 4
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    FIGURE 4

    Electronic Management of Immunization Data System Redesigned Architecture

    Abbreviations: API, application programming interface; EMID, Electronic Management of Immunization Data; LMIS, logistics management information system.

Tables

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    TABLE 1.

    Electronic Management of Immunization Data System Virtual Interview Respondents Disaggregation

    StratificationTargetTotal Persons Interviewed 
    NationalAt least 1 key contact personnel from the 4 partner organizations: (eHealth 4 Everyone, Nigerian National Primary Healthcare Development Agency, Health Information Systems Program, and Electronic Management of Immunization Data app developers)8
    Zonal6 Nigerian National Primary Healthcare Development Agency personnel per zone36
    State1–2 state designated officers40
    Local government area

    2 local government area officers per state and 2 recorders

    76
    Total160
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    TABLE 2.

    Electronic Management of Immunization Data System In-Person Interview Respondent Disaggregation

    No.

    (n=59)

    Location
     Urban19
     Rural13
     Hard-to-reach4
    User type
     Recorder
      Other facilities31
      Supersite13
    Electronic Management of Immunization Data system focal person
      State6
      Local government area5
      National4
    • View popup
    TABLE 3.

    Electronic Management of Immunization Data System Gap Analysis

    Baseline FindingsGap Identified
    Electronic Management of Immunization Data Mobile Application
    Data synchronization issues and missing data on EMID application.Existence of a proxy server between the EMID mobile application and DHIS2 server created an extra layer therefore slowing down the synchronization process and impairing the functionality of the EMID application.
    SMS functionality for online registration was not functioning.
    Hard-coded components of EMID system were out of date.Existing hard code did not allow modification and integration of new features.
    Poor user interface and experience.Functionality of the database was not conducive to a productive workflow and users became frustrated with the system.
    PubReg
    Updates on the PubReg were carried out on directly on the database.This made updating the platform difficult and time consuming.
    PubReg was enabled to only perform single registration for individual vaccinations.There was no option for users to create bulk/group vaccination registrations to cater for multiple registrations by corporate organizations.
    No user account interface.Client information and/or vaccination schedules could not be edited/changed once registered on the platform.
    PubReg and verification portals were maintained as separate platforms.The existence of these parallel systems resulted in data duplication.
    Verification Portal
    Updates on the verification portal were carried out on the backend.Updating the platform is difficult and time-consuming.
    Low level of security.There was a need to better authenticate accounts.
    • Abbreviations: EMID, Electronic Management of Immunization Data; PubReg, Public Registration; SMS, short message service.

    • View popup
    TABLE 4.

    Health Workers Trained on the Optimized Electronic Management of Immunization Data System

    Trainee cadreKanoOyo
    BebejiKano MunicipalIbadan SouthwestEgbeda
    Health workers485263100
    State officers2620
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Global Health: Science and Practice: 12 (Supplement 1)
Global Health: Science and Practice
Vol. 12, No. Supplement 1
February 20, 2024
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Achieving COVID-19 and Routine Immunization Data Systems Integration on the Electronic Management of Immunization Data System in Nigeria
Temitayo Tella-Lah, Dayo Akinleye, Abdulmumuni Samuel Aliyu, Tope Falodun, Stephanie Okpere, David Akpan, Olayinka Orefunwa, Loveth Metiboba, Judith Owoicho, Bassey Okposen, Amaka Nwabufo
Global Health: Science and Practice Feb 2024, 12 (Supplement 1) e2300149; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00149

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Achieving COVID-19 and Routine Immunization Data Systems Integration on the Electronic Management of Immunization Data System in Nigeria
Temitayo Tella-Lah, Dayo Akinleye, Abdulmumuni Samuel Aliyu, Tope Falodun, Stephanie Okpere, David Akpan, Olayinka Orefunwa, Loveth Metiboba, Judith Owoicho, Bassey Okposen, Amaka Nwabufo
Global Health: Science and Practice Feb 2024, 12 (Supplement 1) e2300149; DOI: 10.9745/GHSP-D-23-00149
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