1. Private health service delivery sector considered it their professional responsibility to provide quality TB services to all their clients and were committed to contribute to society in fighting TB. | Solomon et al. (2016, 2018),29,31 Nair et al.28 Daftary et al.,26 Rakesh et al.,24 Bharadwaj et al.17 | Moderate | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance and adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
2. While engaging with NTEP, formal health care providers in private sector had concerns of “losing their business,” fear of scrutiny of diagnosis and loss of their “autonomy” to diagnose and treat. | Anand et al.,22 Solomon et al. (2016, 2018),29,31 Sairu. et al.,32 Nair et al.,28 Yeole et al.,33 Ghatage et al.23 | High | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, relevance, adequacy, and methodological limitations. |
3. Patients and the private sector doctors had a concern that NTEP is not sensitive to the patient’s confidentiality and privacy. | Anand et al.,22 Rashmi et al.,16 Sairu et al.,32 Nair et al.,28 Mahasweta et al.,30 Yeole et al.,33 Ghatage et al.,23 Shukla et al.,18 Rupani et al.24 | High | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, relevance, adequacy, and methodological limitations. |
4. Establishing a single window system inside a private hospital could be a facilitator for improving quality of services to clients with TB. | Archana et al.,27 Rakesh et al.,24 Yeole et al.,33 Sairu et al.32 | Moderate | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance and adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
5. Engaging hospital administrators could be a facilitator for engaging private hospitals. | Nair et al.,28 Rakesh et al.,24 Archana et al.27 | Low | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance, serious concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
6. Judicious use of Schedule H1 drug regulation for anti-TB drugs could enable private sector engagement through identification of right providers. | Rakesh et al.19 | Very low | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance, serious concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
7. Private hospitals’ and modern medicine practitioners’ motivation to engage was not driven by financial incentives provided by NTEP. | Solomon et al. (2016, 2018),29,31 Nair et al.,28 Rakesh et al.24 | Low | Moderate concern regarding coherence, minor concern regarding relevance, moderate concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
8. Financial incentive might be useful for engaging informal health care providers and chemists, if provided timely. | Daftary et al.,26 Solomon et al. (2018),29 Kelamane et al.21 | Low | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance, serious concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
9. Delay in disbursement of committed funds was very common and it could lead to loss of trust among partners. | Nair et al.,28 Solomon et al.20 | Low | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance, serious concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
10. Private sector considered non-financial incentives like recognition, feedback, involving them in planning and review and giving them equal status in partnership as powerful enablers for their engagement for TB care. | Shukla et al.,18 Nair et al.,28 Solomon et al.,31 Bharadwaj et al.,17 Rakesh et al.24 | High | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, relevance, adequacy, and methodological limitations. |
11. Private sector felt that NTEP is demanding “too” much of patient wise data and the system for information exchange needs to be simplified. | Anand at al,22 Rashmi et al.,16 Sairu et al.,32 Mahasweta et al.,30 Daftary et al.,26 Yeole et al.,33 Ghatage et al.,23 Shukla et al.,19 Bharadwaj et al.,17 Rupani et al.24 | High | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, relevance, adequacy, and methodological limitations. |
12. Private-led initiatives to improve quality of TB care such as STEPS had wider acceptance among all stakeholders. | Rakesh et al.24 | Very low | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance, serious concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
13. Lack of coordination mechanisms between public and private sector was a major barrier for private sector engagement. | Anand et al.,22 Sairu et al.,32 Yeloe et al.,33 Rakesh et al.,24 Shukla et al.19 | High | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, relevance, adequacy and methodological limitations. |
14. NTEP staff lacked capacity to deal with private sector and require technical, managerial and soft skill training. | Anand et al.,22 Solomon et al.,29 Karina et al.,34 Nair et al.,28 Mahasweta et al.,30 Yeole et al.33 | High | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, relevance, adequacy, and methodological limitations |
15. Lack of uniform understanding regarding private sector engagement among NTEP district officials and field staff hindered the sustainable engagement of private sector for TB care. | Solomon et al. (2018, 2021),29,31 Karina et al.,34 Rakesh et al.24 | Very low | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance, serious concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |
16. There was lack of knowledge about the relevant programmatic aspects (e.g., Ni-kshay, misconceptions about notification) among private sector providers. | Yeole et al.,33 Bharadwaj et al.,17 Shukla et al.,18 Archana et al.,27 Sairu et al.,32 Anand et al.,22 Rupani et al.25 | High | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, relevance, adequacy and methodological limitations. |
17. “Authoritarian” approach of NTEP district-level officials led to inequality in public-private partnerships and was perceived by the private sector as a major barrier for engagement. | Solomon et al. (2016, 2018, 2021),20,29,31 Nair et al.,28 Sairu et al.32 | Moderate | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance and adequacy and minor concern regarding methodological limitations |
18. Sustained interaction of NTEP with private sector was an enabler for successful engagement of private sector. | Anand et al.,22 Solomon et al. 2021.20 | Very low | No or minor concerns regarding coherence, moderate concern regarding relevance, serious concern regarding adequacy, and minor concern regarding methodological limitations. |