Common UHC Policy Options Selected for the Delphi Survey
| UHC Dimension | Policy Options |
|---|---|
| Diminish financial barriers to access | B1 Fee exemptions for children and pregnant women B2 Fee exemptions for the poorest B3 Fee exemptions for priority services (e.g., cesarean deliveries, malaria, HIV) B4 Mandatory health insurance with subsidization of the poor B5 Voluntary community-based health insurance B6 Vouchers for the poor |
| Improve health care funding | F1 Ring-fenced domestic health budgets F2 Innovative financing for health (e.g., sin tax, bonds) F3 Pooling and defragmentation of existing financing mechanisms F4 Reducing inefficiencies and wastage F5 Performance-based aid funding F6 Creation of a global UHC fund |
| Improve the supply and management of services | S1 Start with a package of essential services for the whole population and progressively expand the package (“universalist” approach) S2 Start with a full package of services for some categories of population or geographic areas, and progressively extend UHC coverage to other types of populations or areas (“sequenced” approach) S3 Strengthen the supply of quality primary health care services S4 Develop public-private partnerships S5 Results- or performance-based payment of providers S6 Separate provider and purchaser functions through creation of autonomous health services or agencies |
Abbreviations: B, barriers; F, funding; S, supply; UHC, universal health coverage.